Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect of High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) Pasteurization Applied to Human Milk

Terpstra, Fokke G.; Rechtman, David J.; Lee, Martin L.; Hoeij, Klaske Van; Berg, Helga; Engelenberg, Frank A.C. Van; Wout, Angelica B. Van't

doi:10.1089/bfm.2006.0015

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, this procedure has profound effects on the nutrients and immunological factors in human milk. New methods such as flash pasteurization (heating the milk to higher temperatures for a short time) seem promising with respect to eliminating pathogens while preserving valuable biological substances and nutrients [16]. More research needs to be performed to ensure the safety of this method and the optimal temperature and duration of the pasteurization process.…”

Section: Additional Issues To Be Resolvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Milk Banking–Facts and Issues to Resolve

et al. 2010

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The number of human milk banks is increasing worldwide. Although the beneficial effects of feeding premature infants with their mother’s milk are well documented, less is known about the effects of feeding these infants with pasteurized donor milk. We propose a randomized trial comparing the effects of a 100% human milk-based diet (human milk supplemented with a human milk-derived fortifier) and a diet (partially) based on bovine milk. In theory, human milk has a beneficial effect on various aspects of human physiology, most of which become apparent after infancy. We therefore propose an extensive follow-up program that takes this aspect into consideration. Other issues concerning the practice of human milk banks need to be addressed as well as optimization of the feeding strategies for preterm infants.

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Section: Additional Issues To Be Resolvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Milk Banking–Facts and Issues to Resolve

et al. 2010

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“…As a general principal, HTST methods more effectively kill micro-organisms while better preserving nutritional food value when compared to low-temperature, long-time pasteurization (LTLT) methods. [15-17]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Flash-Heat Treatment on Immunoglobulins in Breast Milk

Chantry

Israel‐Ballard

Moldoveanu

et al. 2009

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background Heat-treated expressed breastmilk is recommended by WHO as an option to reduce vertical HIV transmission in resource poor regions. Flash-heat (FH) is a low technology pasteurization method developed for home use, but its effect on quantity and quality of breastmilk immunoglobulins is unknown. Objective To evaluate FH's effect on breastmilk immunoglobulin levels and antigen binding capacity. Design/Methods Fifty HIV+ mothers in South Africa provided breastmilk. Part of each sample served as an unheated (UH) control; the remainder was Flash-heated. Total and antigen-specific IgA and IgG were measured by ELISA. Paired t-test was performed on log transformed data. Results FH significantly decreased total IgA and IgG concentrations [geometric mean (geometric sd) 318.0 (1.9) vs. 398.2 (1.9) mcg/mL and 89.1 (2.7) vs. 133.3 (2.5) mcg/mL, p<0.001 each]. Similar decreases in anti-HIV-1 gp120 IgG, anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide and anti-poliovirus IgA occurred (p<0.001 each). Although the latter was most affected, FH retained 66% of the antigen binding ability. In contrast, binding capacity of IgA and IgG to influenza increased after FH (p=0.029 and 0.025 respectively). Conclusions Most breastmilk immunoglobulin activity survives FH, suggesting Flash-heated breastmilk is immunologically superior to breastmilk substitutes. Clinical significance of this decreased immunoglobulin activity needs evaluation in prospective trials.

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“…Unpasteurised preterm colostrum and breast milk has higher levels of secretory immunoglobulin antibodies, higher energy, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, sodium, chloride and protein than unpasteurised term colostrum and breast milk. However, this is not a sustained difference and preterm breast milk values drop closer to term levels at roughly 3–4 weeks post preterm birth 4 5. Looking at the variation of pasteurised and unpasteurised term breast milk components, there are minimal nutritional and immunological differences.…”

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confidence: 99%

There is an absence of randomised trials investigating the use of preterm banked milk compared to term banked milk for very low birthweight infants

Dougherty¹

2010

Evid Based Nurs

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Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect of High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) Pasteurization Applied to Human Milk

Cited by 57 publications

References 2 publications

Human Milk Banking–Facts and Issues to Resolve

Human Milk Banking–Facts and Issues to Resolve

Effect of Flash-Heat Treatment on Immunoglobulins in Breast Milk

There is an absence of randomised trials investigating the use of preterm banked milk compared to term banked milk for very low birthweight infants

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