Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Probiotic Lactobacilli on Antibiotic-Resistant Proteus mirabilis

Abstract

The emergence of biofilm-forming, multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Proteus mirabilis infections is a serious threat that necessitates non-antibiotic therapies. Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm-forming activity of P. mirabilis isolates from urine samples were assessed by disc diffusion and crystal violet assays, respectively. Antimicrobial activities of probiotic Lactobacilli were evaluated by agar diffusion. Antibiofilm and anti-adherence activities were evaluated by crystal violet assays. While most P. mirabilis isolates were antibiotic-resistant to varying degrees, isolate P14 was MDR (resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin) and formed strong biofilms. Cultures and cell-free supernatants of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus reuteri exhibited antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. The 1/16 concentration of untreated supernatants of L. casei and L. reuteri significantly reduced mature biofilm formation and adherence of P14 by 60% and 72%, respectively (for L. casei), and by 73% each (for L. reuteri). The 1/8 concentration of pH-adjusted supernatants of L. casei and L. reuteri significantly reduced mature biofilm formation and adherence of P14 by 39% and 75%, respectively (for L. casei), and by 73% each (for L. reuteri). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed eradication of P14’s biofilm by L. casei. L. casei and L. reuteri could be utilized to combat Proteus-associated urinary tract infections.

Study of The Anti-bacterial Efficacy of Probiotics Culture Extracts on Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing Multi-Drug Resistant Isolates, Bearing BLA-TEM-1 Gene, in Patients with Wound Infections in Hospitals

“…This relatively agreed with El-Mokhtar et al [36] who reported susceptibility of Klebsiella to PROBIOTICS' filtrates with zones of inhibition average in-between 12.2 and 21.1 mm and 11.3 and 16.1mm for susceptibility of pseudomonas. While Heshmatipour et al [37] reported the susceptibility of E. coli with zones of inhibition average in-between [14 and 20 mm] and Shaaban et al [38] who reported the greater activity against multi-drug resistant proteus with 21 mm zones of inhibition. In addition to Chen et al [39] who reported the greatest activity against 21 strains of carbapenem-resistant E. coli and for 9 strains of carbapenem-resistant k. pneumonia with zones of inhibition greater than 15 mm.…”

Probiotics Interact With Lipids Metabolism and Affect Gut Health

“…Elevated concentrations of LPS in circulation may increase risk of atherosclerosis ( 102 ). While L. casei has been shown to destroy the biofilm of Proteus mirabilis P14 to avoid damage to the gut barrier ( 103 ).…”

Promising strategies to control persistent enemies: Some new technologies to combat biofilm in the food industry—A review

“…Kaur et al (2018) showed that the antibiofilm efficacy of seven strains of Lactobacillus against Vibrio cholerae biofilm was more than 90%. Shaaban et al (2020) found that Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus reuteri could destroy the multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis biofilm, representing a worthwhile alternative treatment. Another study revealed the inhibitory effect of LAB and other probiotics strains on planktonic and biofilm of dental bacteria (Ben Taheur et al, 2016).…”