Antimicrobial Activity of Thermocycled Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Reinforced with Titanium Dioxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

Aims. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 2.5% and 7.5% copper oxide (CuO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the antimicrobial activity of thermocycled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material against standard strains of yeast and bacteria species. Material and Methods. In this in vitro study, 150 disk-shaped (10 × 2 mm) specimens of heat-cured PMMA were prepared and divided into five groups (n = 30) to be reinforced with 2.5% CuO, 7.5% CuO, 2.5% TiO2, or 7.5% TiO2 nanoparticles and a control group (without nanoparticle). The specimens were thermocycled, and their antimicrobial activity was assessed against standard strains of yeast including Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis and oral bacteria species including Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, S. salivarius, and S. sanguis. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results. Both concentrations of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles had significant antimicrobial activity against S. salivarius, S. sanguis, and C. dubliniensis compared with the control group ( P < 0.05). Significant differences existed between both 2.5% ( P = 0.006) and 7.5% CuO ( P = 0.005) and the control group against S. mutans. However, TiO2 groups were not significantly different from the control group against S. mutans. Concerning C. albicans, 7.5% TiO2 was the only nanoparticle with significantly higher antimicrobial activity compared with the control group ( P = 0.043). Conclusions. Both concentrations of CuO and TiO2 were effective antimicrobial agents against S. salivarius, S. sanguis, and C. dubliniensis, and the concentration of CuO was effective against S. mutans. Yet, TiO2 was not much effective. Regarding C. albicans, only 7.5% TiO2 showed efficient antimicrobial activity.

Characterization and Physical and Biological Properties of Tissue Conditioner Incorporated with Carum copticum L.

“…The microbial cells were harvested and washed twice in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (0.8% ( w / v ), NaCl (Merck); 0.02% ( w / v ), KH 2 PO 4 (Merck); 0.31% ( w / v ), Na 2 HPO 4 +12H 2 O (Merck); and 0.02% ( w / v ), KCl (PanReac); pH 7.4). Then, the bacterial and fungal strains were resuspended in MHB and RPMI-1640, respectively, and cell densities were adjusted to 1.0 × 10 6 cells/mL after counting with a hemocytometer [ 22 , 23 ].…”

“…Then, the plates were incubated for 48 h at 37°C. All experiments were performed in triplicate [ 23 ].…”

Polymeric Dental Nanomaterials: Antimicrobial Action

“…% and 7.5 wt. %) against fungi of the genus Candida — C. albicans , C. dubliniensis — and bacteria of the genus Streptococcus (S. mutans , S. sobrinus , S. salivarius , S. sanguis) [ 97 ].…”

Acrylate and Methacrylate Polymers’ Applications: Second Life with Inexpensive and Sustainable Recycling Approaches

“…The addition of TiO 2 and CuO in PMMA matrix (at concentrations of 2.5% and 7.5%) led to systems with higher antibacterial activity. In particular, the system with the higher TiO 2 concentration showed a significantly higher antimicrobial activity compared with the control group assessed against standard strains of yeast [ 75 ], as reported in Figure 4 .…”

“…Vertically within groups, different superscript lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups in the same column ( p ≤ 0.05), see Ref. [ 75 ] for details. Adapted from Ref.…”