Antimicrobial activity of root canal irrigants against biofilm forming pathogens- An in vitro study

Abstract

Aims:The aim of the study was to check the antimicrobial activity of the 5% Sodium hypochlorite, 2% Chlorhexidine, 0.10% Octenidine (OCT), and 2% Silver Zeolite (SZ) at different time intervals against a single species biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans model prepared on a nitrocellulose membrane.Settings and Design:In vitro nitrocellulose biofilm model was used to check antibacterial efficacy of root canal irrigants.Materials and Methods:The in vitro nitrocellulose biofilm model was used to check the antibacterial activity of root canal irrigants. Single species biofilms were suspended into 96-well microtiter plate and treated with root canal irrigants for 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 s, respectively. The remaining microbial load in the form of colony-forming unit/ml after antimicrobial treatment was tabulated and data were statistically analyzed.Statistical Analysis:SPSS version 17, Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Wilcoxon matched pair test (P < 0.05) were used.Results:All tested microorganisms were eliminated within 30 s by all the antimicrobial substances tested except normal saline. 2% chlorhexidine and 0.10% OCT were equally effective against C. albicans at 30 s.Conclusion:The newly tested irrigants have shown considerable antibacterial activity against selected single species biofilm. OCT (0.10%) can be used as an alternative endodontic irrigant.

In vitroevaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent againstStaphylococcus epidermidisin disinfecting the root canal system

“…Tirali et al [26] and Anuradha et al [8] reported antimicrobial effect of OCT against E. faecalis , and Ghivari et al . [27] also verified antimicrobial effect of 0.1% OCT against E. faecalis , S. aureus , and C. albicans .…”

Antimicrobial activity and physicochemical performance of a modified endodontic sealer

“…To date, the antimicrobial effect of CHX in the endodontic field has been consolidated by its use as intracanal irrigation agent at a concentration of 0.2 to 2% (Ghivari, Bhattacharya, Bhat, & Pujar, 2017;Mohammadi, Jafarzadeh, & Shalavi, 2014;Pinheiro et al, 2018). A few studies in which CHX was incorporated into sealers revealed an effective antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, S mutans, S salivarius, Staphylococcus aureus,and Lactobacillus casei¸ using concentrations of 1 to 20% in sealers with several compositions (Bailon-Sanchez et al, 2014;Collares et al, 2018;Nambu, 1984).…”

An In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of Three Different Root Canal Irrigating Solutions against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans

“…Ghivari et al also evaluated three irrigants wherein they found that Sodium hypochlorite irrigants have shown lowered antibacterial activity against selected single species biofilm. 22 They used nitrocellulose biofilm model to estimate antibacterial efficiency of tested root canal irrigants. Their study results were comparable to our inferences.…”