Antimicrobial activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Carica papaya L. against postharvest pathogens of avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.)

Onaebi, Chiemeka Nwakaego; Onyeke, C. C.; Osibe, Dandy Ahamefula; Ugwuja, F.N.; Okoro, A. C.; Onyegirim, Precious

doi:10.1007/s42161-019-00420-5

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The pathogen has been reported to be associated with table grape ( Vitis vinifera ) decline (Correia et al., 2013 ) in Brazil, dieback, cankers and stem‐end rot of mango ( Mangifera indica ) in Egypt (Ismail et al., 2012 ), Western Australia (Sakalidis et al., 2011b ), Brazil (Marques et al., 2013 ) and Peru (Rodríguez‐Gálvez et al., 2017 ), fruit rot of citrus in China (Chen et al., 2021 ) and of avocado ( Persea americana ) in Nigeria (Onaebi et al., 2019 ) as well as with branch blight and dieback of avocado in Peru (Rodriguez‐Galvez et al., 2021 ). However, limited quantitative data are available on the impacts caused by L. pseudotheobromae on various crops worldwide.…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae

Bragard¹,

Baptista²,

Chatzivassiliou³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, a clearly defined fungus of the family Botryosphaeriaceae, which was first described in 2008 as a cryptic species within the L. theobromae complex. The pathogen affects a wide range of woody perennial crops and ornamental plants causing root rot, damping‐off, leaf spots, twig blight, cankers, stem‐end rot, gummosis, branch dieback and pre‐ and post‐harvest fruit rots. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae is present in Africa, Asia, North and South America and Oceania and has also been reported from Spain with a restricted distribution. However, there is uncertainty on the status of the pathogen worldwide and in the EU because in the past, when molecular tools (particularly multigene phylogenetic analysis) were not available, the pathogen might have been misidentified as L. theobromae. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae is not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 and there are no interceptions in the EU. Because of the very wide host range of the pathogen, this pest categorisation focused on those hosts for which there is robust evidence that the pathogen was formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequence analysis. Plants for planting, including seeds, fresh fruits and bark and wood of host plants as well as soil and other plant‐growing media are the main pathways for the further entry of the pathogen into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in parts of the EU are favourable for the further establishment of the pathogen. In the area of its present distribution, including Spain, the pathogen has a direct impact on cultivated hosts. multilocus measures are available to prevent the further introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pest.

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Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae

Bragard¹,

Baptista²,

Chatzivassiliou³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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“…Current concerns on the accumulation of harmful chemical residues in the environment (soil, water and/or plants and animals) 35 and the associated threats to human health 36,37 in addition to the uneconomic cost of such chemicals have led to an increasing search for alternatives. Moreover, the development of fungicide-resistant biotypes of pathogens has become a major constraint to the control of pathogens with synthetic chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Control of Phytophthora colocasiae Causing Leaf Blight of Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.) With Selected Botanical Extracts

Ugwuja,

Ehumadu,

Omodamiro

et al. 2024

Asian J. Plant Pathol.

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Background and Objective: Leaf blight incited by Phytophthora colocasiae has been a major challenge impacting on yield and commercialization of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) in Nigeria since 2009. This study evaluated in vitro, the efficacy of selected plant extracts against the causal pathogen. Materials and Methods: Four botanical extracts: Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn, Senna alata L. and Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray were tested in vitro for their fungi toxic effects on radial growth and mycelia dry weight of the pathogen at 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL of each extract. Ridomil (0.67 mg/mL) and zero treatment were set along tests and treatments were replicated thrice in a Completely Randomized Design. Data were subjected to analysis of variance at a 95% confidence interval using the SPSS package and significant differences among means were compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results: All the extracts exhibited significantly varying degrees of inhibition in the radial growth and mycelia dry weight tests. Percentage inhibition increased as the concentration increased. Azadirachta indica and S. alata extracts at 20 mg/mL inhibit 100 and 97.13% radial growth, respectively and were significantly (p<0.05) superior to 40.00 and 31.81% caused by T. diversifolia and E. camaldulensis, respectively. Complete (100%) inhibition of mycelia dry weight was obtained with S. alata and T. diversifolia extracts at all the selected concentrations while A. indica and E. camaldulensis showed high inhibition at some concentrations. Conclusion: These extracts have strong inhibitory effects against P. colocasiae and are comparable to the synthetic fungicide Ridomil, therefore, their exploration in the management of TLB is strongly advocated.

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“…Volatile organic compounds have been shown to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, especially those responsible for post-harvest diseases such as Aspergillus spp. [10][11][12], Colletotrichum acutatum [13], Botrytis cinerea [14], and Penicillium italicum [15]. They have also been extensively used in insect pest management to control rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) [16], bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus) [17], and cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds from Basil Essential Oils: Plant Taxonomy, Biological Activities, and Their Applications in Tropical Fruit Productions

et al. 2022

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Basils of the genus Ocimum are aromatic plants grown widely throughout the tropical and temperate regions. The essential oils obtained from their aerial parts are enriched with volatile organic compounds with high market demand for food and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile organic compounds have been shown to exhibit biological activities. Therefore, their novel applications have been extensively explored in the last few decades. The most widely available basils in the tropical areas include white holy basil (O. sanctum var. Shyama), red holy basil (O. sanctum var. Rama), Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum), lemon basil (O. citriodorum), and tree basil (O. gratissimum). Over 60 volatiles of different classes have been exclusively described, and some of them could be useful as biomarkers for genotype specification. The major volatile ingredient is the phenylpropanoids, such as methyl eugenol, which has the potential as a natural product for mitigating Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) during tropical fruit production. Moreover, basil essential oils are also used to control diseases of the fruits during post-harvest storage. As a result, the application of basil essential oils as a sustainable defect control strategy for tropical fruit value chains seems intriguing. This review provides comprehensive information on plant taxonomy and volatile compositions of the essential oil fractions from different basil species. Their biological activities and applications are also discussed, mainly during the pre- and post-production of tropical fruits. Additionally, the available techniques to enhance the efficacy of the volatile active compounds are also described.

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Antimicrobial activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Carica papaya L. against postharvest pathogens of avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.)

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Pest categorisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae

Pest categorisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae

In vitro Control of Phytophthora colocasiae Causing Leaf Blight of Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.) With Selected Botanical Extracts

Volatile Organic Compounds from Basil Essential Oils: Plant Taxonomy, Biological Activities, and Their Applications in Tropical Fruit Productions

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