Antimicrobial activity of <i>Dracaena cinnabari</i> resin from Soqotra Island on multi drug resistant human pathogens

Abstract

Background: Few studies showed that Dracaena cinnabari resin, collected from Soqotra Island, Yemen, has antimicrobial activity. This study is the first to investigate antimicrobial activity of the resin on both antibiotic multi-resistant human pathogens and on poly-microbial culture. Material and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Dracaena cinnabari resin from Soqotra Island on multidrug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative human ATCC standard pathogens and Ascosphaera apis, the causal organism of chalkbrood disease of honeybee was studied using the agar disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentration of extracts was carried out by the broth micro dilution method. Results: Ethanolic extract of Dracaena cinnabari resin showed a considerable antimicrobial activity against all the pathogens tested. The zone of inhibition were between 4.9-11.5 mm. The most sensitive microbe was Staphylococcus aureus and least sensitive was Aspergillus nidulans. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the extract against Escherichia. coli ATCC 10402, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 10031, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29212 was 1.25 µg/mL (w/v) and for the other pathogens (Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Salmonella typhimurum ATCC 3311 and Pseudomonos aeruginosa ATCC 2785) was 2.5 µg/mL (w/v). Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Dracaena cinnabari resin has a considerable antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens and fungi. This extract might possess a role in the management of microbial infections in human and honeybee disease.

Ethnobotanical Survey of Dracaena cinnabari and Investigation of the Pharmacognostical Properties, Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity of Its Resin

“…Compared to antibacterial activities determined previously [22,23,24], the human pathogenic fungi tested appeared to be more susceptible to the resin extracts than the bacterial stains. Previous studies have reported the antifungal activities of D. cinnabari resin against three other species Candida albicans , Aspergillus flavus , and A. niger [22,23,24].…”

“…Compared to antibacterial activities determined previously [22,23,24], the human pathogenic fungi tested appeared to be more susceptible to the resin extracts than the bacterial stains. Previous studies have reported the antifungal activities of D. cinnabari resin against three other species Candida albicans , Aspergillus flavus , and A. niger [22,23,24]. Polyphenols including flavonoids, are the main constituents of the D. cinnabari resin [9,10,14] as well as resins obtained from other species of Dracaena genus such as Dracaena cochinchinensis [8,25], Dracaena draco and Dracaena tamaranae [26].…”

Enumeration of citrus endophytic bacterial communities based on illumine metagenomics technique

“…On the contrary, the other two samples presented a greater fraction of Proteobacteria, and few phyla were not observed by culture-based methods, illustrating the importance of NGS. This also led to the fact that these microbes can spread through a variety of channels that penetrate plant tissues [ 44 , 45 ]. Finally, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteriodetes were found to colonize citrus plant leaf tissues [ 46 , 47 ], they have been demonstrated to produce useful bioactive chemicals A comparison of bacterial species based on their structure is referred to as beta diversity.…”

Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Dracaena cinnabari Resin

“…Also, a dichloromethane extract of D. cinnabari resin has been found to have good inhibitory activity against various food-borne pathogens using an agar disc diffusion method [45]. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of different solvent (chloroform, methanol, and benzene) extracts of D. cinnabari resin against Gram-positive bacteria, Gramnegative bacteria, and fungi revealed that these microorganisms have varied sensitivity to the different extracts [46,47]. Similarly, Altwair and Edrah [48] have reported that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of D. cinnabari significantly inhibited the activity of E. coli (13 & 14 mm), P. vulgaris (9 and 10 mm), P. aeruginosa (8 and 9 mm), K. pneumonia (7 and 8 mm), and S. saprophyticus (10 and 11 mm), respectively.…”