Antimicrobial activity of hyperbranched polymers: Synthesis, characterization, and activity assay study

Abstract

Poly(cyanurateamine) and poly(triacrylatetrimine) hyperbranched polymers were synthesized for the first time by adopting Michael addition reaction. These polymers were obtained by reacting diethylenetriamine (A2) with 2,4,6-triallylcyanurate (B3) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (B3), respectively, at room temperature. The polymers were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared, 1H-, and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of hyperbranched polymers was studied against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2423, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp., and Acinetobacter beijerinckii. Both poly(cyanurateamine) and poly(triacrylatetrimine) show good antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria compared to gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, poly(triacrylatetrimine) is better resistant to promising antibiotics and antiseptics bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens in comparison with poly(cyanurateamine).

Synthesis of halogenated nanodendrimer as novel antimicrobial agents in water treatment

“…The calculated DB for all dendrimers are between 42% and 47%, which indicate dendrimers natures and are in the range of HB polymer. Similar results have been stated by Kanai et al [10]. Fig.…”

“…Besides, appearing new resonances from 13 to 34 ppm in the C-13 NMR spectrum of the modified dendrimer suggests that long alkyl chains and a CH 3 have been added to the dendrimer [22]. Degree of branching (DB) of dendrimers were calculated according to the equation used by Kanai et al [10]. The calculated DB for all dendrimers are between 42% and 47%, which indicate dendrimers natures and are in the range of HB polymer.…”

“…One of the promising candidates is hyper-branched (HB) polymers, which are highly regarded today for numerous applications [8,9]. Kanai et al [10] synthesized poly(cyanurateamine) and poly(triacrylatetrimine) HB polymers and evaluated their antibacterial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Dendrimers are HB polymers having unique characteristics affected by highly branched structure, multiple surface functional groups, and the vacant intra-branches spaces.…”

Progressive Applications of Hyperbranched Polymer Based on Diarylamine: Antimicrobial, Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Aerobic Corrosion

“…Furthermore, the hypothesized antifungal activity of HB(PDMA)s G 2 , G 3 , and G 4 was attributed to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic chain of the synthesized HB(PDMA)s and the negatively charged residues of the macromolecules of the fungal cell surface. This interaction induces leakage of intracellular electrolytes, which may alter the cell wall permeability and is essential to the enzyme system of fungal growth [11]. Overall, the effects of the functional group "p-phenylenediamine" of HB(PDMA)s have been reputedly reported in many compounds as antimicrobial agents against bacteria and fungi [49,50].…”

Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of quaternized poly[bis(2-chloroethyl)ether-alt-1,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]urea] against targeted pathogenic and multi-drug-resistant bacteria

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] Since most of the bacterial cell walls are negatively charged, for effective interactions, the antimicrobial polymers are required to possess positive charge density. [12][13][14][15][16] In the recent past, a number of such polymers have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other pathogens.- 6,17 Broadly, antibacterial compounds exhibit their mechanism of action in two ways, namely, contact-killing and release-killing. 18 The first category of antibacterial compounds act on the cell wall/cytoplasmic membranes and disintegrates them completely followed by leakage of K + ions, while the latter one, particularly small molecule-based agents, enters the cells and interacts with the cytoplasmic fluid to alter biological functions.…”