Antimicrobial Activity of Ca-Alginate/Chitosan Nanocomposite Loaded with Camptothecin

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to prepare antimicrobial nanocomposites consisting of alginate, chitosan, and camptothecin (CPT). CPT-loaded calcium alginate (Ca-Alg2) and calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg2-CH) nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activity and the genetic effects of Ca-Alg2/CPT and Ca-Alg2-CH/CPT nanomaterials on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia were studied. The repetitive element polymerase chain reaction analysis technique was used to assess the changes in the bacterial genetic material due to the processing of the nanomaterials. The results showed the presence of a strong chemical interaction between alginate and chitosan, and CPT was loaded successfully in both Ca-Alg2/CPT and Ca-Alg2-CH/CPT nanomaterials. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test showed that the Ca-Alg2/CPT nanocomposite was susceptible to S. aureus, E. coli, and K. pneumonia; on the other hand, Ca-Alg2-CH/CPT nanocomposite was more susceptible to E. coli and K. pneumonia and was resistant to S. aureus. The results showed that the Ca-Alg2/CPT nanocomposite was less efficient than Ca-Alg2-CH/CPT nanocomposite in killing Gram-negative treated bacteria. Moreover, results revealed that the PCR analysis revealed a polymorphic banding pattern. This observation provides an excellent guide to the ability of some polymers to induce point mutations in DNA.

Co-Administration of Chemo-Phototherapeutic Loaded Lignin Nanoarchitecture for the Treatment of Skin Cancer Cell Lines and Bacterial Infections

“…Further, chemotherapeutic drugs (CPT) and CPT-LNP also demonstrated potential antibacterial properties in both dark and laser-treated conditions, and bacterial growth was reduced to approximately 50%. A similar report was also found in which CPT and CPT-based nanoformulation displayed potent antibacterial potential. , Alaghaz and the group also noted a similar finding regarding the antibacterial action of CPT . After being subjected to laser irradiation, the developed RB@CPT-LNP produced the most ROS, followed by RB, which is responsible for the greatest percentage of microbial cell death.…”

“…A similar report was also found in which CPT and CPT-based nanoformulation displayed potent antibacterial potential. 65,66 Alaghaz and the group also noted a similar finding regarding the antibacterial action of CPT. 44 After being subjected to laser irradiation, the developed RB@CPT-LNP produced the most ROS, followed by RB, which is responsible for the greatest percentage of microbial cell death.…”

Co‐delivery of Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Silver Nanoparticles using Alginate/Chitosan Nanocarriers

“…Florfenicol by Alginate/Chitosan nano carriers. [42] The formation of DOX-FLO@AgNPs nanostructures was also confirmed through the UV-Vis absorption spectra (Figure 4). FLO showed the absorption peak at 255 nm while DOX showed 2 absorption peaks at 270 and 350 nm.…”

Applications of Chitosan-Alginate-Based Nanoparticles—An Up-to-Date Review

“…Furthermore, Al-Getahami and Al-Qasmi [131] have obtained important results when loading camptothecin into calcium alginate-chitosan nanocomposites. The authors reported enhanced inhibitory activity against Gram-negative bacteria, which could be explained by the induction of genetic effects.…”