Antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition by extracts from chromatin modulated fungi

Abstract

Major health challenges as the increasing number of cases of infections by antibiotic multiresistant microorganisms and cases of Alzheimer's disease have led to searching new control drugs. The present study aims to verify a new way of obtaining bioactive extracts from filamentous fungi with potential antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, using epigenetic modulation to promote the expression of genes commonly silenced. For such finality, five filamentous fungal species (Talaromyces funiculosus, Talaromyces islandicus, Talaromyces minioluteus, Talaromyces pinophilus, Penicillium janthinellum) were grown or not with DNA methyltransferases inhibitors (procainamide or hydralazine) and/or a histone deacetylase inhibitor (suberohydroxamic acid). Extracts from T. islandicus cultured or not with hydralazine inhibited Listeria monocytogenes growth in 57.66 ± 5.98% and 15.38 ± 1.99%, respectively. Increment in inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity was observed for the extract from P. janthinellum grown with procainamide (100%), when compared to the control extract (39.62 ± 3.76%). Similarly, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity increased from 20.91 ± 3.90% (control) to 92.20 ± 3.72% when the tested extract was obtained from T. pinophilus under a combination of suberohydroxamic acid and procainamide. Concluding, increases in antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition were observed when fungal extracts in the presence of DNA methyltransferases and/or histone deacetylase modulators were tested.

Isolation, characterization and biotechnological potential of tropical culturable rhizospheric fungi from four mangrove species in Kenya

“…A recent effort at exploring mangroves rhizospheric fungi associated with the roots of Rhizophora stylosa, on the Techeng Isle in China led to the recovery of 5 novel funicone derivates from Penicillium pinophilum (He et al, 2019). Other studies (Bhimba et al, 2012;Lima et al, 2018) have also demonstrated that species from these isolated fungal genera have antimicrobial activity, which is consistent with these findings.…”

“…Initially, there were few reports about the occurrence of this genus in the mangrove ecosystems since it was classified under the genus Penicillium. But following its formal separation from the genus Penicillium, most researchers have detected this genus in mangrove ecosystems (Lima et al, 2018;Venkatachalam et al, 2019). Members of the genus Talaromyces form part of the major fungi adapted to the extreme conditions in mangrove ecosystems and have been reported to be a source of biotechnologically relevant bioactive molecules (Jie et al, 2016).…”

Antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinestrase inhibition of novel synthesized pyrimidine derivatives versus Candida albicans trafficking to brain and kidney

“…As previously reported, C. albicans may run away to brain causing meningitis [28] affecting specific proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells [29], Cerebral macroabscess [30]. Moreover, antimicrobial activity in addition to acetylcholinestrase inhibition was previously reported [31].…”

Potential antibiotic-producing fungal strains isolated from pharmaceutical waste sludge

“…from different habitats were reported as producers of a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites [29,30]. Furthermore, Silva Lima et al [31] reported crude extract of pre-treated T. Pinophilus possessed in vitro antibiotic activity against Helicobacter pylori and Listeria monocytogenes. Conversely, the genus Penicillium is known for antibiotic production, and P. citrinum are reported producers of bioactive compounds.…”