Antimetastatic effects of Eclipta prostrata extract on oral cancer cells

Abstract

Eclipta prostrata, a traditional Chinese medication, has been used for the treatment of several diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of Eclipta prostrata extracts (EPE) on human oral cancer cell metastasis remains unclear. We thus examined the effects of EPE on metastasis promoting proteins in oral cancer. Our results revealed that the EPE attenuated SCC-9, HSC-3, and TW2.6 cell migration and invasiveness by reducing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 enzyme activities. In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that EPE significantly reduced the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) but not those of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 and p38. In conclusion, we found that EPE could inhibit oral cancer metastasis through the inhibition of MMP-2 expression. Therefore, EPE may be used to prevent the metastasis of oral cancer, and has the potential to be applied to cancer treatment.

Geraniin inhibits oral cancer cell migration by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase‐2 activation through the FAK/Src and ERK pathways

“…At least 20 different MMPs have been identified, and MMPs play major roles in various pathophysiological processes, including angiogenesis, arthritis, inflammation, skeletal growth and remodeling, photoaging, wound healing, and cancer . The gelatinases, namely MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, have been reported to play key roles in the degradation of the ECM and the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis . Despite advances in research and treatment over the past few years, no significant improvements have been made in the survival of patients with oral cancer, which is an ongoing challenge for the biomedical science community.…”

“…11,[13][14][15] The gelatinases, namely MMP-2 and MMP-9, have been reported to play key roles in the degradation of the ECM and the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis. [16][17][18] Despite advances in research and treatment over the past few years, no significant improvements have been made in the survival of patients with oral cancer, which is an ongoing challenge for the biomedical science community.…”

Licochalcone A induces apoptotic cell death via JNK/p38 activation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

“…Herbal compositions from natural compounds have been utilized in preclinical or clinical trials with chemopreventive or therapeutic drugs for cancer management . Although chemotherapy and targeted therapy are effective methods for cancer patients, these therapeutic processes have drawbacks of systemic toxicity and drug resistance .…”

“…Herbal compositions from natural compounds have been utilized in preclinical or clinical trials with chemopreventive or therapeutic drugs for cancer management. 20,[23][24][25][26][27] Although chemotherapy and targeted therapy are effective methods for cancer patients, these therapeutic processes have drawbacks of systemic toxicity and drug resistance. 28,29 To overcome these problems, studies on combined therapy have focused on identifying phytotherapeutic agents with known action mechanisms that can augment the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic agents, such as Lentinan combined with oxaliplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma, 30 baicalein combined with docetaxel in thyroid cancer cells, 31 curcumin combined with platinum in ovarian cancer cells, 32 and Astragalus polysaccharides combined with cisplatin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.…”

Kaempferol suppresses cell migration through the activation of the ERK signaling pathways in ARPE‐19 cells

“…An appropriate volume of each medium was prepared and used in 0.1% gelatin‐8% sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) electrophoresis. After the electrophoresis, the gels were washed with 2.5% Triton X‐100 and then incubated in a reaction buffer and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue R‐250 as previously described …”