Antimalarial evaluation of the leaf latex of Aloe citrina and its major constituent

Girma, Biruktawit; Bisrat, Daniel; Asres, Kaleab

doi:10.4103/0257-7941.157158

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…percrassa [ 15 ], Aloe debrana [ 6 ], A . citrana [ 34 ], and A . macrocarpa [ 11 ] which have been reported to have significant antimalarial activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex ofAloe weloensis(Aloaceae) againstPlasmodium bergheiin Mice

Awgichew

Kassahun

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background. Emergence of drug resistance and lack of therapeutic efficacy of modern antimalarial drugs are the most triggering factors for the searching of new lead compounds with different mechanisms of action. Medicinal plants with documented traditional uses are a viable option for treatment of malaria. Traditionally, the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis has been used in the treatment of malaria in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Methods. A four-day suppressive test was employed to evaluate the antimalarial effect of the leaf latex of the plant against P. berghei in Swiss albino mice. Mice were randomly assigned in five groups of five animals in each and given 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the leaf latex, chloroquine 25 mg/kg, and distilled water. The level of parasitemia, packed cell volume, survival time, temperature, and body weight was used to determine the antimalarial activity. Results. The acute toxicity study indicated that the leaf latex of A. weloensis caused neither mortality nor signs and symptoms of toxicity at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Furthermore, the 4-day suppressive test indicated that the latex of the plant exhibited a significant parasitemia reduction in a dose-dependent manner as compared to negative control. The leaf latex of the plant exhibited a percent inhibition of 13.05%, 41.87%, and 66.84% at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The chemosuppression of the antimalarial activity was statistically significant at 100 mg/kg (p<0.05), 200 mg/kg (p<0.01), and 400 mg/kg (p<0.01) as compared to negative control. All doses of the leaf latex prevented weight loss and reduction in temperature and packed cell volume and increased the survival time of infected mice. Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrated that the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis possessed antiplasmodial activity confirming the genuine traditional use of the plant as an antimalarial agent.

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“…percrassa [ 15 ], Aloe debrana [ 6 ], A . citrana [ 34 ], and A . macrocarpa [ 11 ] which have been reported to have significant antimalarial activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex ofAloe weloensis(Aloaceae) againstPlasmodium bergheiin Mice

Awgichew

Kassahun

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…Furthermore, a significant reduction of parasitemia was observed in groups treated with the isolated compounds, nataloin, and 7-hydroxyaloin, specifically at a dose of 200 mg/kg [24]. Homonataloin A/B has been isolated as a major component of the latex of A. citrana and both the latex and homonataloin A/B exhibited significant antimalarial activity in P. berghei infected mice [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isolates obtained from leaves latex of A. megalacantha are believed to be anthraquinones and/or their oxidative derivatives because of having similar physical appearance and retention factor (R f ) values on TLC with anthrones and other anthraquinones derivatives isolated from leaves latex of A. harlana [36], A. percrassa [22] , A. citrina [23] , A. trigonantha [37], A. pulcherrima [24] , A. sinana [38], A. marlothii , and A. rupestris [29]. It has been also reported that leaves of Aloe species are store house of anthraquinones and other metabolites [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro antiplasmodial activity of leaf extracts and isolated compounds obtained from A. vera has been tested using chloroquine sensitive P. falciparum and reported showing a dose - dependent chemosuppresive effect [21]. Similar studies to assess antimalarial activity using 4-day suppressive test method in P. berghei infected mice model of other Aloe species have also been conducted which include studies on methanolic leaf extract of A. debrana [9] and leaf latex and isolated compounds of A. percrassa [22], A. citrana [23], and A. pulcherrima [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex and TLC Isolates from Aloe megalacantha Baker in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice

Hintsa

Sibhat

Karim

2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Malaria is a devastating parasitic disease which caused around 216 million cases and 445,000 deaths worldwide in 2016. This might be attributed to a wide spread of drug resistant parasites. The plant Aloe megalacantha is indigenous to Ethiopia where the sap of the leaves is traditionally used for the treatment of malaria. This study was aimed at evaluating the antimalarial effect of leaf latex and isolates obtained from Aloe megalacantha against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in Swiss albino mice. Peters’ 4-day suppressive test method was used to test the antimalarial activity of both leaves latex and isolates. Three isolates were obtained using thin layer chromatography and were coded as AM1, AM2, and AM3 in ascending order of their retention factor. After treatment of Plasmodium berghei infected mice with leaf latex of Aloe megalacantha for four days at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, it shows 30.3%, 43.4%, and 56.4% suppression of the parasite growth, respectively. 32.3%, 51.3%, and 67.4% chemosuppression after treatment with AM1, 39.8%, 50.6%, and 64.2% chemosuppression after treatment with AM2, and 52.6%, 69.4%, and 79.6% chemosuppression after treatment with AM3 were observed at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively. The observed parasite suppression of leaves latex and isolates was statistically significant (P<0.05) as compared to negative control. Moreover, both the leaves latex and isolates were also observed to prevent Plasmodium berghei induced body weight loss and hypothermia and increased the survival time of Plasmodium berghei infected mice as compared to the negative control. Hence, the present study supports the traditional claim of the plant for the treatment of malaria.

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“…Anthraquinones may generate reactive oxygen and thus inactivate malaria parasites ( Plasmodium falciparum, P. vinckei and P. berghei ) [58, 59]. Latex leaf extract of Aloe citrine showed antiplasmodial activity due to presence of anthrone, homonataloin A/B as a major constituent [60]. On the basis of our present findings, Himachal Pradesh sample showed the lowest EC 50 value (0.289) which means highest antiplasmodial activity in comparison to other Aloe vera samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplasmodial potential and quantification of aloin and aloe-emodin in Aloe vera collected from different climatic regions of India

Kumar

Yadav

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundIn this study, Aloe vera samples were collected from different climatic regions of India. Quantitative HPTLC (high performance thin layer chromatography) analysis of important anthraquinones aloin and aloe-emodin and antiplasmodial activity of crude aqueous extracts was done to estimate the effects of these constituents on antiplasmodial potential of the plant.MethodsHPTLC system equipped with a sample applicator Linomat V with CAMAG sample syringe, twin rough plate development chamber (20 x 10 cm), TLC Scanner 3 and integration software WINCATS 1.4.8 was used for analysis of aloin and aloe-emodin amount. The antiplasmodial activity of plant extracts was assessed against a chloroquine (CQ) sensitive strain of P. falciparum (MRC-2). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of aqueous extracts of selected samples was determined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended method that was based on assessing the inhibition of schizont maturation in a 96-well microtitre plate. EC (effective concentration) values of different samples were observed to predict antiplasmodial potential of the plant in terms of their climatic zones.ResultsA maximum quantity of aloin and aloe-emodin i.e. 0.45 and 0.27 mg/g respectively was observed from the 12 samples of Aloe vera. The inhibited parasite growth with EC50 values ranging from 0.289 to 1056 μg/ml. The antiplasmodial EC50 value of positive control Chloroquine was observed 0.034 μg/ml and EC50 values showed by aloin and aloe-emodin was 67 μg/ml and 22 μg/ml respectively. A positive correlation was reported between aloin and aloe-emodin. Antiplasmodial activity was increased with increase in the concentration of aloin and aloe-emodin. The quantity of aloin and aloe-emodin was decreased with rise in temperature hence it was negatively correlated with temperature.ConclusionsThe extracts of Aloe vera collected from colder climatic regions showed good antiplasmodial activity and also showed the presence of higher amount of aloin and aloe-emodin in comparison to collected from warmer climatic sites. Study showed significant correlation between quantities of both the anthraquinones used as marker compounds and EC50 values of the different Aloe vera extracts. Although, both the anthraquinones showed less antiplasmodial potential in comparison to crude extracts of different Aloe vera samples. Diverse climatic factors affect the quantity of tested compounds and antiplasmodial potential of the plant in different Aloe vera samples.

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Antimalarial evaluation of the leaf latex of Aloe citrina and its major constituent

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex ofAloe weloensis(Aloaceae) againstPlasmodium bergheiin Mice

Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex ofAloe weloensis(Aloaceae) againstPlasmodium bergheiin Mice

Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex and TLC Isolates from Aloe megalacantha Baker in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice

Antiplasmodial potential and quantification of aloin and aloe-emodin in Aloe vera collected from different climatic regions of India

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