Antimalarial drugs: Mode of action and status of resistance

Saifi, Muheet Alam; Beg, Tanveer; Harrath, Abdul Halim; Altayalan, Fahad Suleman Hamad; Quraishy, Saleh Al

doi:10.5897/ajppx12.015

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 84 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…111 Though effective, antifolates may cause hematologic effects if administered for a prolonged period of time. These drugs function by interfering with folate metabolism thus disrupting the pathway critical for the survival of the malaria parasite.…”

Section: Antifolatessupporting

confidence: 93%

Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Antifolatessupporting

confidence: 93%

Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…P. vivax is a common cause of malaria in Latin America, Asia, and Oceania, but not Africa. P. malariae and P. ovale are much less common (Saifi et al 2013). P. falciparum is responsible for the vast majority of deaths from malaria (Lothar et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol extract of Erythrina senegalensis leaves (MEES) ameliorates Plasmodium berghei-ANKA 65-parasitised aberrations in mice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this research was to investigate the phytochemical composition and antimalarial effects of the methanol extract of Erythrina senegalensis leaves (MEES) and its ameliorative effects on some haematological and biochemical alterations in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Thirty Swiss mice, 18-22 grams were placed in 6 groups of 5 mice. Group 1 served as normal control. Groups 2-6 were infected with P. berghei. Group 2 was untreated while group 3 was treated with 5 mg/kg body weight of chloroquine. Groups 4-6 were treated orally with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg b.w. of the MEES for 4 days. The percentage parasitaemia, haematological and biochemical parameters were investigated. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of a number of phyto-constituents. The acute toxicity test of the MEES showed no toxicity up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg b. wt. P. berghei infection triggered marked increases in percentage parasitaemia, lipid peroxidation, liver enzymes, kidney function and lipid profile, while the antioxidant and haematological parameters declined in the untreated group. Treatment with the MEES led to significant (p < 0.05) reduction in percentage parasitaemia, lipid peroxidation, liver enzymes, kidney function and lipid profile, and a corresponding increase in antioxidant and haematological parameters, indicating that the MEES reversed complications associated with P. berghei infection.

show abstract

“…These drugs have been classified according to the stages at which they intervene in the parasite life cycle [37]. Schizonticide drugs used for causal prophylaxis, such as pyrimethamine and primaquine, act on the primary plasmodial tissue, which, after growth in the liver, develops into active erythrocytes [38]. These drugs can also act on the hypnozoites of P. vivax and P. ovale, which can produce a relapse of symptoms once reactivated [38].…”

Section: Mechanistic Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplasmodial Lycorane Alkaloid Principles of the Plant Family Amaryllidaceae

Nair

Staden

2019

Planta Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The spread of malaria is thought to have followed human expansion out of Africa some 60 – 80 thousand years ago. With its prevalence in pantropical countries of the world and epicenter localized in Africa, malaria is now considered an unnecessary burden to overworked and under-resourced healthcare structures. Plants have long afforded a fertile hunting ground for the search and identification of structurally diverse antimalarial agents, such as quinine and artemisinin. This survey examines the antiparasitic properties of the family Amaryllidaceae via the antiplasmodial activities demonstrated for its lycorane alkaloid principles. Of these, 24 were natural compounds identified in 20 species from 11 genera of the Amaryllidaceae family, whilst the remaining 28 were synthetically derived entities based on the lycorane skeleton. These were screened against ten different strains of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum, wherein the parent compound lycorine was shown to be the most potent with an IC50 of 0.029 µg/mL in the FCR-3 strain seen to be the best. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that good activities were detectable across both the natural compounds as well as the synthetically accessed derivatives. Such studies also highlighted that there are several inherent structural features that define the lycorane alkaloid antiplasmodial pharmacophore, such as the nature of its ring systems and properties of its substituents. Mechanistically, a limited number of studies confirmed that lycorane alkaloids manifest their action by targeting enzymes associated with the plasmodial FAS-II biosynthetic pathways. Overall, these alkaloids have provided useful, convenient, and accessible scaffolds for antimalarial-based drug discovery.

show abstract

Antimalarial drugs: Mode of action and status of resistance

Cited by 45 publications

References 84 publications

Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

Methanol extract of Erythrina senegalensis leaves (MEES) ameliorates Plasmodium berghei-ANKA 65-parasitised aberrations in mice

Antiplasmodial Lycorane Alkaloid Principles of the Plant Family Amaryllidaceae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About