Antihypertensive Effects of Artemisia scoparia Waldst in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Identification of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Abstract

Abstract:We investigated the antihypertensive effects of Artemisia scoparia (AS) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The rats were fed diets containing 2% (w/w) hot water extracts of AS aerial parts for 6 weeks. The AS group had significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels than the control group. The AS group also had lower angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) activity and angiotensin II content in serum compared to the control group. The AS group showed higher vascular endothelial growth factor and lower ras homolog gene family member A expression levels in kidney compared to the control group. The AS group had significantly lower levels of plasma lipid oxidation and protein carbonyls than the control group. One new and six known compounds were isolated from AS by guided purification. The new compound was determined to be 4 1 -O-β-D-glucopyranoyl (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl benzoate, based on its nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy data.

Sesquiterpene lactones and scopoletins from Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. and their angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities

“…In addition, sesquiterpene lactones and scopoletins have been reported to show antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). We previously found that the aerial part of A. scoporia reduced plasma lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl oxidation and suppressed tumor necrosis factor alpha and NF-κB expression induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (14). Therefore, the sesquiterpene lactones and scopoletins identified in this study might be partially responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of A. scoparia.…”

“…Interestingly, compounds 3 and 4, which possess dihydroxyl and epoxy groups at the C-3 and C-4 positions, respectively, showed significantly higher ACE inhibitory activities than other sesquiterpene lactones (1, 2, 5, and 6), and their activities were similar to that of quercetin. Isofraxidin 7-O-β-Dglucopyranoside, a glucoside of isofraxidin (9) identified in this study, has been reported to show ACE inhibitory activity (14,26). In addition, sesquiterpene lactones and scopoletins have been reported to show antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities (27)(28)(29)(30)(31).…”

“…In addition, fraction A had a slightly higher ACE inhibitory activity than the other fractions. We previously reported the isolation and identification of seven ACE inhibitors, including a new compound [4-O-β-D-glucopyranoyl (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl benzoate] from fractions C and D (14). In this study, we additionally isolated 10 compounds (1-10) from fractions A and C by column chromatography and HPLC (Fig.…”

“…To our knowledge, compound 3 is newly identified in nature. Scopoletins, (7)(8)(9) including the glucoside of 9, have been previously found in A. scoparia (1,14). In addition, the occurrence of sesquiterpene lactones, including 4 and 10 in Artemisia species, has been investigated (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Isofraxidin: Synthesis, Biosynthesis, Isolation, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacological Properties

“…Cho and co-workers, in two separate studies on Artemisia scoparia, demonstrated the effectiveness of purified IF (1 mM) on the blockade of ACE activity (69.0%). Also IF isolated during the EtOAc and chloroform extraction of aerial parts of Artemisia scoparia, showed ACE inhibitory effects at 26.1% and 30.6%, respectively [59,136]. On the other hand, Simaratanamongkol and co-workers demonstrated the synergistic effects of IF isolated from Apium graveolens, with junipediol A on the inhibition of ACE.…”