Antihyperglycemic Activities of Fermented Milk Enriched with Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta)

Abstract

Gembili is one variety of local tubers originating in Indonesia, where its utilization is not in its most use. This tuber has bioactive compounds such as dioscorin, diosgenin, inulin and water-soluble polysaccharides that function as immunomodulators, including those which prevents metabolic diseases such as hyperglycaemia. The addition of gembili tubers in fermented milk has more value and is an alternative nutraceutical food for people who need a healthy diet because it contains probiotics and bioactive components. This study aims to determine the antihyperglycemic activity of fermented milk enriched with gembili flour in animal models. Probiotics contained in fermented milk are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus thermophilus. The experimental animals used in this study are healthy male white rats, not deformed, and had never been used in previous experiments. The animals in experiment were grouped into five treatment groups namely P1=negative control, P2=positive control, P3=1 ml/rat/day of fermented milk with the addition of gembili tubers, P4=2 ml/rat/day of fermented milk with the addition of gembili tubers, and P5=3 ml/rat/day of fermented milk with the addition of gembili tubers (P5). The results of this study prove that the addition of fermented milk enriched with gembili showed significant results (p<0.05) on the decrease in blood sugar levels with the highest decrease of 43.59% in the P5 group.

Characterization of Fermented Milk with the Addition of Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) Flour

“…Gembili flour is added 0 (P1); 0.5% (P2); 1% (P3); 1.5% (P4); 2% (P5). Each flask contained 200 ml skim milk and gembili flour which had been pasteurized at a temperature of 80 0 C for 15 minutes, then, cool the milk to 40 0 C. An addition starter culture as much as 3% then incubated for 24 hours at 37 0 C [18]. All these experiments were performed in triplicate, and the pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, total phenolic content, crude fiber, sugar total, and total lactic acid bacteria were determined after the incubation time.…”

Cultivation and culture of Dioscorea esculenta in Papua

“…This plant is widespread in tropical regions, including Indonesia [3,4] and is especially common on the edges of forests or abandoned lands. Although it has been marketed for a long time, the supply is quite limited, only recognized by or consumed by specific groups [5], and its utilization is not extensively employed [6]. Indonesia has 33 local gembili accessions.…”

Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill: Uses and bioactivity

“…This plant is easily found in tropical areas including Indonesia [2,3] especially on the outskirts of forests or neglected lands (Figure 2A). Although it has been traded for a long time, the supply is very limited and only recognized/consumed by certain groups [4] and its utilization is not widely used [5]. In contrast to the case in Africa, that Dioscorea sp.…”

“…Besides being used as a substitute for rice, it turns out that D. esculenta flour is also very potential to be used as a substitute for wheat flour because it has the swell ability of wheat and is in accordance with American wheat standards [2]. Andriani et al [5] stated that in their processing, D. esculenta tubers are usually steamed, but can also be developed into prebiotic food so that they function as nutraceuticals.…”

“…Ethnomedicinally, D. esculenta tubers are used as antifatigue, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress, anti-spasmodic and immune deficiency drugs [7]. The bioactivity of D. esculenta tubers has secondary metabolites such as dioscorin, diosgenin, inulin and water-soluble polysaccharides that function as immunomodulators, including those that prevent metabolic diseases such as hyperglycemia [5]. Morphology and cross section of white tuber Deforestation is one of the threats to environmental conservation.…”