Antigenic subtyping and epitopes’ competition analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 using monoclonal antibodies

Genetic variability of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) field isolates from vaccinated and non-vaccinated pig herds in Germany

“…The authors suppose recombinations or mutations within ORF2 as a possible reason. These findings were supported by Saha et al (2012). Opriessnig et al (2013) tested a higher effective experimental type PCV2b vaccine against PCV2b challenge virus, compared to the PCV2a vaccines.…”

“…These sites have also been predicted to be involved in the epitope formation of PCV2 (Mahe et al, 2000;Meng, 2013). Amino acids 59,63,89,130,133,206 and 210 have been mapped by Saha et al (2012) to the exterior surface of the capsid protein. Liu et al (2013) underline the importance of residue 59 and extend it to residue 60.…”

A porcine circovirus-2 mutant isolated in Brazil contains low-frequency substitutions in regions of immunoprotective epitopes in the capsid protein

“…1). Antigenic mapping studies revealed at least six overlapping conformational epitopes of the PCV2 capsid protein, within residues 47-85, 165-200, and 230-234 [2,3,39,40]. Among the epitopes described, four contained LFSs (F53I, R59K, A68N and 234K) that differentiated PCV2-UFV1 and the other mutant strains from the strains of genotypes PCV2a and PCV2b (Fig.…”

“…It has 233-235 amino acid residues and well-characterized antigenic domains [2][3][4], including regions of neutralizing epitopes [5][6][7]. Thus, different genotypes of PCV2, called PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2c, have been grouped according to differences in the primary structure of their Cap proteins [8].…”

“…All currently available commercial vaccines contain the PCV2a genotype and have been effective in preventing PCVAD until recently [9][10][11][12][13]. Much of this is explained by the existence of varying degrees of cross-protection between the different genotypes, a consequence of the presence of immunogenic regions that are conserved among these groups [3,14]. PMWS outbreaks, including those in animals vaccinated against PCV2, have been caused by an emerging group of mutant viruses, as has been reported in China [5], Europe [15], and more recently, in the USA [16] and Korea [17].…”