Antigen-specific assessment of the immunological status of various groups in a leprosy endemic region

Fabri, Angélica da Conceição Oliveira Coelho; Carvalho, Ana Paula Mendes; Araújo, Sérgio; Goulart, Luíz Ricardo; Mattos, Ana Márcia Menezes de; Teixeira, Henrique Couto; Goulart, Isabela Maria Bernardes; Duthie, Malcolm S.; Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo; Lana, Francisco Carlos Félix

doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0962-4

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our study showed IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels significantly higher in MB patients and lower in PB, while LL patients had higher antibody levels compared to TL and DL patients. Frota et al [28] and Fabri et al [29] had also reported higher serum levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 in MB patients compared to those IgM levels observed in PB patients, corroborating our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection as potential risk for the development of lepromatous leprosy in an endemic area for both neglected tropical diseases in Brazil

Oliveira¹,

Martins²,

Souza³

et al. 2020

Infect Dis Poverty

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Background: Mycobacterium leprae and Toxoplasma gondii infections are both neglected tropical diseases highly prevalent in Brazil. Infection with certain parasite species can significantly alter susceptibility to other important pathogens, and/or influence the development of pathology. Here we investigated the possible influence of M. leprae/T. gondii co-parasitism on the manifestation of leprosy and its clinical forms. Methods: Participants (n = 291) were recruited in Campos dos Goytacazes city, Rio de Janeiro state, southeast Brazil, from August 2015 to December 2019 and clinically diagnosed for leprosy. Participants were selected based on the presence (patients) or absence (healthy controls) of the leprosy disease. Contacts of patients were also recruited for this study. Serum samples from patients (n = 199) with leprosy, contacts (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 52) were investigated for levels of IgM and IgG anti-phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) by ELISA. Additionally, IgG antibody against soluble Toxoplasma antigen (STAg) was measured in sera samples from leprosy patients, contacts and healthy controls for Toxoplasma gondii serology by ELISA. Anti-PGL-1 IgG and IgM levels were compared using one-way ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney, while Spearman test was used to correlate levels of IgG anti-STAg and IgM/ IgG anti-PGL-1 from seropositive and seronegative individuals for T. gondii infection. The risk of T. gondii infection for leprosy disease was assessed using Fisher's test. Results: Levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 antibodies were significantly higher in multibacillary (MB) patients compared to paucibacillary (PB) patients (P = 0.0068). Higher IgM and IgG levels anti-PGL-1 were detected in patients with the lepromatous forms. The serologic prevalence for T. gondii infection was 74.9%. We detected increased anti-STAg antibody levels in leprosy patients (79.4%), reaching 88.8% within those with lepromatous form of this disease. The leprosy risk increase in T. gondii seropositive individuals was twofold (odds ratio [OR] = 2.055; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 1.18-3.51) higher than those seronegative, and considering the lepromatous leprosy risk this increase was even dramatic (OR = 4.33; 95% CI: 1.76-9.69) in T. gondii seropositive individuals. Moreover the leprosy risk in T. gondii seropositive individuals was weakly correlated to the levels of IgG anti-STAg and IgM/IgG anti-PGL-1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection as potential risk for the development of lepromatous leprosy in an endemic area for both neglected tropical diseases in Brazil

Oliveira¹,

Martins²,

Souza³

et al. 2020

Infect Dis Poverty

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“…17 These difficulties can favor transmission and physical disabilities. 6 In view of the results obtained in the research, it was observed that the majority of participants were MB cases (86.1%), and therefore the risk of falling ill among household contacts was very significant, since case contacts with classification MB are more exposed and prone to M. leprae infection 18 and, therefore, are at higher risk of becoming ill, compared to contacts of paucibacillary (PB) cases. 19 Other factors that may interfere with the development of leprosy, such as the characteristics of coexistence and the exposure of the contact with the case within the home, may be the reason for the greater risk of getting sick from the contacts who lived at the time of diagnosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Aspectos clínicos e sociodemográficos dos contatos domiciliares de casos de hanseníase

Monteiro

Laurindo

Vidal

et al. 2018

Rev enferm UFPE on line.

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RESUMO Objetivo: analisar os aspectos clínicos e sociodemográficos dos contatos domiciliares de casos de hanseníase. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e analítico, com 36 contatos domiciliares de casos de hanseníase, realizado a partir de dados coletados individualmente por meio do programa Open Data Kit collect, exportados, tratados e analisados no IBM® SPSS® Statistics v. 24 for Windows. Resultados: dos participantes, 58,3% são do sexo feminino. A idade variou de sete a 66 anos, 63,9% referiram ser solteiros e 33,3% recebiam menos de um salário mínimo mensal. 86,1% são contatos de casos multibacilares. 5,6% não apresentaram cicatriz da vacina BCG-ID (Bacilo Calmette-Guérin) e 33,3% apresentaram uma. Na época do diagnóstico do caso, 75% dos contatos com sinais sugestivos da doença residiam com aquele e 25% não foram examinados. Conclusão: os resultados sugerem expressivo risco de adoecimento entre os contatos domiciliares, visto que são contatos de casos multibacilares, e há dificuldade dos serviços de saúde do município na realização da vigilância dos contatos domiciliares dos casos de hanseníase. Descritores: Hanseníase; Vigilância Epidemiológica; Mycobacterium leprae. ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the clinical and sociodemographic aspects of the household contacts of leprosy cases. Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study with 36 domiciliary cases of leprosy cases, based on data collected individually through the Open Data Kit collect program, exported, processed and analyzed in IBM® SPSS® Statistics v. 24 for Windows. Results: 58.3% of the participants were female. The age ranged from seven to 66 years, 63.9% reported being single, and 33.3% received less than one monthly minimum wage. 86.1% are multibacillary contacts. 5.6% had no BCG-ID scar (Bacilo Calmette-Guérin) and 33.3% presented one. At the time of the diagnosis of the case, 75% of the contacts with signs suggestive of the disease resided with that one and 25% were not examined. Conclusion: the results suggest a significant risk of illness among the household contacts, since they are contacts of multibacillary cases, and there is difficulty of the health services of the municipality in the accomplishment of the surveillance of the domiciliary contacts of cases of leprosy. Descriptors: Leprosy; Epidemiological Surveillance; Mycobacterium leprae. RESUMENObjetivo: analizar los aspectos clínicos y sociodemográficos de los contactos domiciliarios de casos de lepra. Método: el estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y analítico, con 36 contactos domiciliarios de casos de lepra, realizado a partir de datos recolectados individualmente a través del programa Open Data Kit, exportados, tratados y analizados en el IBM® SPSS® Statistics v. 24 para Windows. Resultados: de los participantes, el 58.3% son del sexo femenino. La edad varía de siete a 66 años, el 63.9% dijo ser solteros y el 33.3% recibía menos de un salario mínimo mensual. El 86.1% son contactos de casos multibacilares. El 5.6% no presentó cicatriz de la vacuna BCG-ID (Bacilo Calmette-Guérin) y el 33.3% presentó una. En la época del diagnóstico del caso, el 75% de los contactos con signos sugestivos de la enfermedad residían con aquel y el 25% no fueron examinados. Conclusión: los resultados sugieren expresivo riesgo de enfermedad entre los contactos domiciliarios, ya que son contactos de casos multibacilares, y hay dificultad de los servicios de salud del municipio en la realización de la vigilancia de los contactos domiciliarios de los casos de lepra. Descriptores: Lepra; Vigilancia Epidemiológica; Mycobacterium leprae.

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“…The blood collected in VACUTAINER® BD tube with separator gel and vacuum adaptation was fractionated in aliquots of 500 μl of serum, stored in a freezer, duly identified. The ELISA test to analyze the presence of anti-PGL-1 IgM antibodies was performed according to standard protocol (6) . For the examination, the natural-octyl-HSA disaccharide (ND-O-HSA) was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ELISA Index values greater than 1.10 were considered positive. The reading was in a spectrophotometer at 492 nm of absorbance (6) . The ELISA was repeated for samples displaying ELISA index values, classified as positive in a single well of the duplicate, and samples whose values exhibited 25.0% or more of variation between the duplicate (10) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a strategy are the serological tests that may be of great importance in detecting the presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) or immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae specific proteins. The most commonly used is IgM anti-phenol glycolipid antibody detection (PGL-1) and can be performed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or rapid lateral flow test (ML FLOW) (5)(6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and spatial distribution of Mycobacterium leprae infection in a medium endemicity municipality

Ribeiro¹,

Barreto²,

Bueno³

et al. 2019

Rev Rene

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Objective: analyze serological profile and spatial distribution of Mycobacterium leprae infection and disease. Methods: cross-sectional study with cases of leprosy (n=42), household contacts (n=81) and school contacts (n=358). Interviews, dermato-neurological examination, serological and georeferencing made. Results: all seropositive cases lived in rural areas, more than two people per household, 50.0% had alteration of foot strength. 75.0% were elderly and married participants. Among seropositive schoolchildren, 75.0% female, 69.4% lived with more than four people 80.6% slept in the bedroom with someone. It was possible to observe hyper endemic areas of cases in the studied municipality and spatial-temporal relation among them (p=0.010). In addition, concentration of cases and schoolchildren in sectors of lower family income per capita was found. Conclusion: the serological analysis revealed that the cohabitation condition was related to the Mycobacterium leprae infection, and the spatial analysis showed a hidden endemic scenario. Descriptors: Leprosy; Spatial Analysis; Serology; Epidemiological Monitoring.Objetivo: analisar o perfil sorológico e a distribuição espacial da infecção e do adoecimento pelo Mycobacterium leprae. Métodos: estudo transversal, conduzido com casos de hanseníase (n=42), contatos intradomiciliares (n=81) e escolares (n=358). Realizados entrevista, exame dermatoneurológico, sorológico e georreferenciamento dos endereços. Resultados: dos casos soropositivos, todos residiam em zona rural, com mais de duas pessoas no domicílio, 50,0% apresentavam alguma alteração de força nos pés. Dos contatos soropositivos, 75,0% eram idosos e casados. Dentre os escolares, 75,0% eram do sexo feminino, 69,4% residiam com mais de quatro pessoas e 80,6% dormiam no quarto com alguém. Foi possível observar áreas hiperendêmicas de casos no munícipio estudado e relação espaço-temporal entre eles (p=0,010). Além disso, concentração de casos e escolares em setores de menor renda familiar per capita. Conclusão: a análise sorológica revelou que a condição de convivência se relacionou com a infecção pelo Mycobacterium leprae, e a espacial demonstrou cenário de endemia oculta.

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Antigen-specific assessment of the immunological status of various groups in a leprosy endemic region

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection as potential risk for the development of lepromatous leprosy in an endemic area for both neglected tropical diseases in Brazil

Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection as potential risk for the development of lepromatous leprosy in an endemic area for both neglected tropical diseases in Brazil

Aspectos clínicos e sociodemográficos dos contatos domiciliares de casos de hanseníase

Prevalence and spatial distribution of Mycobacterium leprae infection in a medium endemicity municipality

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