Antifungal activity of green synthesized selenium nanoparticles and their effect on physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant defense system of mango under mango malformation disease

Abstract

Plant extract-based green synthesis of nanoparticles is an emerging class of nanotechnology that has revolutionized the entire field of biological sciences. Green synthesized nanoparticles are used as super-growth promoters and antifungal agents. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using Melia azedarach leaves extract as the main reducing and stabilizing agent and characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The green synthesized SeNPs were exogenously applied on Mangifera indica infected with mango malformation disease. The SeNPs at a concentration of 30 μg/mL were found to be the best concentration which enhanced the physiological (chlorophyll and membrane stability index), and biochemical (proline and soluble sugar) parameters. The antioxidant defense system was also explored, and it was reported that green synthesized SeNPs significantly reduced the biotic stress by enhancing enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities. In vitro antifungal activity of SeNPs reported that 300 μg/mL concentration inhibited the Fusarium mangiferae the most. This study is considered the first biocompatible approach to evaluate the potential of green synthesized SeNPs to improve the health of mango malformation-infected plants and effective management strategy to inhibit the growth of F. mangifera.

Aloe Vera Extract Gel-Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Enhance Disease Resistance in Lettuce by Modulating the Metabolite Profile and Bacterial Endophytes Composition

“…Shahbaz et al reported the foliar-applied Se at 30 μg/mL increased the shoot content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in mango by 1.07-and 4.63-fold, respectively, as compared to Fusarium-infected control, resulting in a greater tolerance biotic stress. 23 Conversely, we found the opposite results in the infected and untreated roots, where the ROS level was much lower than that of all the other treatments (Figure 2D). This may be due to significant cell death and, thus, no active ROS accumulation at this stage of Fusarium infection.…”

“…Se plays an important role in protecting plants from oxidative stresses by enhancing the activity of enzymatic antioxidants. Shahbaz et al reported the foliar-applied Se at 30 μg/mL increased the shoot content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in mango by 1.07- and 4.63-fold, respectively, as compared to Fusarium -infected control, resulting in a greater tolerance biotic stress . Conversely, we found the opposite results in the infected and untreated roots, where the ROS level was much lower than that of all the other treatments (Figure D).…”

Advances in the Optimization of Fe Nanoparticles: Unlocking Antifungal Properties for Biomedical Applications

“…The responses and genetic damage of NPs inside a system are determined by the agglomeration process [132]. Nevertheless, when particles are not organized into agglomerates, they can disperse themselves, thereby enhancing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation [133]. In addition, the surface charge of the material plays a crucial role.…”

Evaluation of Vitamin D3-Conjugated Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on White Blood Cells, Liver, and Kidney Functions in Induced Immunosuppressed Rats

“…Table (2) shows the effect of Se-NPs and Se-Nps + D3 in immunosuppressed rats on the activity of liver enzymes. The results showed that the activity of AST, ALT, and ALP enzymes increased significantly at (P<0.05) in the group of experimentally immunosuppressed animals (T2) at 52, 62.66, and 411, respectively, compared with the group of healthy control animals (T1), which were at 35.66 and 39. and 208.66, respectively.…”