Antifungal activity and brine shrimp toxicity assessment of <i>Bulbine abyssinica</i> used in the folk medicine in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Abstract

Bulbine abyssinica is widely used in folk medicine in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and toxicity potentials of essential oil, acetone and aqueous extracts of this species using standard procedures and brine shrimp test, respectively. The results showed that the species was active against the growth of Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum among the evaluated opportunistic fungi. The toxicity results showed that the lowest cysts hatching success was observed with the essential oil, then acetone extract, with aqueous extract exhibiting the highest hatching success. Based on the criterion of toxicity indices of the lethality test, all the plant fractions exhibited LD50 values greater than 1 mg/mL hence are non-toxic. These findings indicate that B. abyssinica is a good source of antifungal agents.

Screening Phytochimique, Étude Toxicologique, Évaluation des Activités Antiplasmodiale et Antiradicalaire de la Tige Feuillée de Senna occidentalis Linn (Fabaceae)

“…En effet, lors d'une évaluation toxicologique d'extraits de plantes par ce test de toxicité, une valeur de CL50 < 1000 g/mL est considérée comme bioactive (Meyer et al, 1982). Il est un dépistage préliminaire de la toxicité des extraits végétaux (Ghosh et al, 2015;Kibiti et Afolayan, 2016;Oberlies et al, 1998;Sufian et Haque, 2015;Syahmi et al, 2010), toxines fongiques (Harwing et Scott., 1971), métaux lourds (Saliba et Krzyz, 1976), toxines cyanobactériennes (Hisem et al, 2011), pesticides (Michael et al, 1956), tests de cytotoxicité sur des matériaux dentaires (Pelka et al, 2000) et nanostructures (Maurer-Jones et al, 2013). Pour le composé bioactif d'origine naturelle ou synthétique, il s'agit d'un test rapide et complet (Quazi et al, 2017).…”

Brine shrimp lethality assay

“…It is a preliminary toxicity screening of plant extracts (Ghosh et al, 2015;Kibiti and Afolayan, 2016;Oberlies et al, 1998;Sufian and Haque, 2015;Syahmi et al, 2010), fungal toxins (Harwing and Scott, 1971), heavy metals (Saliba and Krzyz, 1976), cyanobacteria toxins (Hisem et al, 2011), pesticides (Michael et al, 1956), cytotoxicity testing of dental material (Pelka et al, 2000) and nanostructures (Maurer-Jones et al, 2013). Subsequently animal model is recommended for its establishment.…”

Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Leishmanicidal Activities of Paullinia pinnata (Linn.) Leaves

“…This is a preliminary study from which further studies can be developed. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay is a simple, rapid, low-cost but highly efficient and sensitive laboratory assay which is considered a useful tool for the detection of antitumor compounds (27), nano-structures (28), pesticidal compounds (29), fungal toxins (30), plant extract toxicity (31)(32)(33), heavy metals (34), cyanobacteria toxins (29), anti-Trypanosoma cruzi (35), and cytotoxicity of dental materials (36). The assay is based on the ability to kill laboratory cultured A. salina nauplii.…”