Antifreeze glycopeptides and peptides in Antarctic fish species from the Weddell Sea and the Lazarev Sea

Wöhrmann, Apa

doi:10.3354/meps130047

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We compiled a dataset from the literature on the presence (scored as 1) and absence (scored as 0) of AFGP for 47 notothenioid species ( Fig. 1 and Table S4) based on genomic Southern blots (51,52), freezing-point depression of body fluids (53-55), or isolation of the AFGP (56). Species for which there is no information on the presence of AFGP were pruned from the posterior set of Bayesian-inferred time-calibrated phylogenies (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes

Near

Dornburg

Kuhn

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

283

318

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The Southern Ocean around Antarctica is among the most rapidly warming regions on Earth, but has experienced episodic climate change during the past 40 million years. It remains unclear how ancient periods of climate change have shaped Antarctic biodiversity. The origin of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) in Antarctic notothenioid fishes has become a classic example of how the evolution of a key innovation in response to climate change can drive adaptive radiation. By using a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of notothenioids and reconstructed paleoclimate, we demonstrate that the origin of AFGP occurred between 42 and 22 Ma, which includes a period of global cooling approximately 35 Ma. However, the most species-rich lineages diversified and evolved significant ecological differences at least 10 million years after the origin of AFGPs, during a second cooling event in the Late Miocene (11.6-5.3 Ma). This pattern indicates that AFGP was not the sole trigger of the notothenioid adaptive radiation. Instead, the bulk of the species richness and ecological diversity originated during the Late Miocene and into the Early Pliocene, a time coincident with the origin of polar conditions and increased ice activity in the Southern Ocean. Our results challenge the current understanding of the evolution of Antarctic notothenioids suggesting that the ecological opportunity that underlies this adaptive radiation is not linked to a single trait, but rather to a combination of freeze avoidance offered by AFGPs and subsequent exploitation of new habitats and open niches created by increased glacial and ice sheet activity.Notothenioidei | Icefish | Percomorpha | molecular clock | buoyancy

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes

Near

Dornburg

Kuhn

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

283

318

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Antifreeze glycoproteins are thought to have evolved in the Notothenioidea after the splitting of the Bovichtidae clade, as no species in that family elaborates a glycoprotein antifreeze (Clarke and Johnston 1996). Species belonging to two other Antarctic teleost families, Muraenolepididae and Macrouridae also produce AFGPs (Wöhrmann 1996). In addition to these Antarctic teleosts, species belonging to four genera of the family Gadidae from subArctic and Arctic waters are known to synthesize AFGPs.…”

Section: Non-colligative Organic Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental influences on regulation of blood plasma/serum components in teleost fishes: a review

Nordlie

2009

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Concentrations of both inorganic and organic blood plasma/serum components of teleost fishes were reviewed in seven habitat/life-history categories. These were: freshwater; inland saline; estuarine and nearshore marine; pelagic and deepsea; diadromous; southern cold-water; and northern cold-water. Plasma/serum osmolalities were compared among groups acclimated to/living in fresh and in salt water. Contributions of inorganic ions and colligative and non-colligative organic molecules were evaluated including with respect to melting and freezing points, and ''antifreeze activity'' of plasma/serum in species from cold marine waters. Possible roles of TMAO in deep-water fishes were reviewed. Discussion also included influences of ambient salinity and temperature on concentrations of plasma/serum components. Seasonal cycles of blood plasma/serum components were discussed, along with antifreeze concentrations in other body fluids and tissues of cold-water fishes. Regulatory patterns of plasma/serum osmolalities were compared among the most euryhaline of teleosts evaluated here. Highest mean values of plasma/serum osmolalities in sea water were seen in southern cold-water and in pelagic and deep-sea fishes. The southern cold-water group also had the lowest plasma/serum freezing points among these groups. Comparisons of mean plasma/serum Na ? and Cl -concentrations among fishes from fresh waters did not differ significantly among groups, but species from cold marine waters showed higher levels than did other groups in marine waters. Plasma/serum osmotic, Na ? and Cl -concentrations of these seven groups of teleosts were compared with those of other fish-like vertebrate groups. Possible impacts of global warming on regulatory responses of plasma/serum components were discussed.

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“…AFGP 6-8 and PAGP are much less effective in depressing the freezing temperature. These compounds have a greatly reduced level of activity when ice is developing by nucleation during supercooling conditions at depth (Feeney & Yeh 1993, Wohrmann 1995, 1996. In adult P. antarcticum the freezing point of the blood serum (= -1.9"C) is above the lowest water temperature experienced by this species (< -2.0°C).…”

Section: Life Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While water, non-antifreeze peptides or glycopeptides freeze immediately upon cooling when ice is present, AFGP revealed an initial shoulder immediately upon cooling, followed by a delay before the onset of freezing. For a detailed description of this method see Wohrmann (1996). The antifreeze activity increased with decreasing ice content (Fig.…”

Section: Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptations of the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces:Nototheniidae) to pelagic life in high-Antarctic waters

Wöhrmann¹,

Hagen²,

Kunzmann³

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Most fishes in Antarctic waters belong to the suborder Notothc,nioidei, highly developed perciform fishes whlch have been able to occupy not only a variety of benthic but also pclagic niches in Antarctic waters. One of the rare truly pelagic fish species. Pleuragramma antarctlcurn, plays a pivotal role in high-Antarctic food webs, due to its exceptional abundance. To investigdte the life history of P.antarctic~lrn more than 16 000 specimens were collected in the W~d d e l l Sea during various cruises with RV 'Polarstern' Apart from the more general life cycle adaptations with respect to reproduction, migrations, and feeding behaviour. P. antarct~cum has developed a number of specific biochcmical and physiological adaptations to cope with the environmental conditions in these permanently cold and highly scasonal Antarctic waters. During its second summer P. anlarcticum starts to accumulate large lipid deposits, mainly in the form of triacylglycerols. These low-density compounds provide the species with hydrostatic lift, an important factor for a pelagic fish without a swlm bladder. The lipid stores may also serve as energy reserves. I lighly polar brain gangliosides suggest wide-ranging neurophysiological adaptations to ensure proper functioning of the nervous system in icy waters. To avoid freezing in the presence of frazil ice P. antarctlcum contains efficient antifreeze glycoproteins. A newly discovered glycoprotein acts as an additional antifreeze agent. Although pelagic, adult P antarcticum are rather sluggish, which is indicated by the small total gill area as well as blood physiological characteristics. Such behaviour diminishes routine energy costs. Blood viscosity is reduced and at least 2 major haemog l o b~n s are found Provided that these haemoglobins are functionally different, they indicate a strong relationship between physiological and biochemical adaptations of the oxygen transport system and life style P antar-cfcum represents a prime esdmple of the colnplexity of adaptations necessary to thrive in the pelagic realm of Antarctic shelf waters, a niche largely unoccup~cd by other fish species.

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Antifreeze glycopeptides and peptides in Antarctic fish species from the Weddell Sea and the Lazarev Sea

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes

Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes

Environmental influences on regulation of blood plasma/serum components in teleost fishes: a review

Adaptations of the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces:Nototheniidae) to pelagic life in high-Antarctic waters

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