Antifatigue Activity of Glycoprotein from Schisandra chinensis Functions by Reducing Oxidative Stress

Abstract

The glycoprotein from Schisandra chinensis was obtained with alkali extraction and acid precipitation, purified with DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Superdex G-75 column. The molecular composition structure and antifatigue activities of glycoprotein were studied. SCGP’s molecular weight was approximately 10 KDa, and it consisted of a carbohydrate component (52.94%) and protein component (47.06%). SCGP comprised mannose, galactoside, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose, its molar ratio was 2.14 : 1.43 : 1.59 : 8.17 : 8.99 : 3.18 : 18.51 : 1, and it contained 16 kinds of amino acids. SCGP could obviously extend the swimming time in mice by increasing LDH, SOD level, GSH-Px activity, and liver glycogen and decreasing the contents of BUN and MDA. The antioxidant activity of SCGP is a potential mechanism of its antifatigue effect. In vitro antioxidant test showed that SCGP scavenged DPPH and OH radicals in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 was 0.91 mg/ml and 0.72 mg/ml).

Systematic analysis of the pharmacological function of Schisandra as a potential exercise supplement

“…According to the Korean traditional medical book, Dongui Bogam, SC is considered a wonder drug that cleans the blood by improving blood circulation and acts as a natural nourishment tonic with medical efficacy [ 14 ]. Several studies have suggested that SC exhibits anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fatigue benefits [ 15 , 16 ]. In a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) values significantly increased following SC administration, and lactate levels significantly decreased in healthy post-menopausal middle-aged women who consumed 1000 mg of SC extract compared to the placebo group [ 17 ].…”

“…Exercise avoidance is associated with signal transmission in response to fatigue [ 38 ]. Several studies have revealed the nourishing and tonic effects of SC [ 39 , 40 ]. The optimal intake of SC varies.…”

“…In addition, the results of Jang et al have shown that supplementation with SC (1 g/day) may help to improve QMS and decrease lactate levels in adult women [ 17 ]. In a recent study, mice that ingested glycoprotein from SC demonstrated an extended swimming time owing to increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, greater liver glycogen, and decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared to control groups [ 40 ]. In addition, according to a recently published study, when SC ingredients were ingested over a long time in chronic fatigue mice, learning and memory abilities partly improved through the regulation of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway.…”

The Anti-Fatigue Effect of Glycoprotein from Hairtail Fish (Trichiurus lepturus) on BALB/c Mice

“…Some studies have found that glycoproteins have a variety of functional activities, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], and they have broad application prospects in the development of functional foods and new drugs. Some studies have confirmed that many foodborne glycoproteins have antioxidant [ 25 ], anti-fatigue [ 26 ], and other functions.…”

Anti‐oxidant and anti‐fatigue properties of apple pomace polysaccharides by acid or alkali extraction

“…Fatigue refers to a complicated physiological condition in which the body exhibits a lower overall ability to function or work efficiently and is unable to retain specific physiological or predetermined exercise levels due to over‐exercise (Zhang et al ., 2011). Oxidative stress plays an important role at the onset of fatigue, and anti‐oxidant therapy has become an effective method for treating fatigue (Kennedy et al ., 2005; Gupta et al ., 2009; Kou et al ., 2019; Shao et al ., 2020). Numerous studies have reported the anti‐fatigue properties of polysaccharides (Yu et al ., 2006; Shan et al ., 2011; Zhao et al ., 2015; Xie et al ., 2020).…”