Antiepileptic Drugs Affect Protein, Lipid and DNA Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Defense in Patients with Epilepsy

Abstract

List of abbreviations: AEDs -antiepileptic drugs, 8 -epi-PGF 2a -urinary isoprostanes, GPX -glutathione peroxidase, ILAE -International League Against Epilepsy, 8-OHdG -8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, P-SH -protein thiol groups, RCD -reactive carbonyl derivatives, ROS -reactive oxygen species, SOD -superoxide dismutase. SummaryBackground: To get more insight into the effects of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on the pro oxi dant/ antioxidant balance in epi lep sy, a comparative analysis of the byproducts of oxidative damage and antioxidant de fense mechanisms was performed in patients with epilepsy treated with la mo trigine, carbamazepine and valproic acid. Methods: Byproducts of oxidative damage to proteins (reactive carbonyl derivatives, RCD and protein thiol groups, P-SH), lipids (urinary isoprostanes, 8 -epi-PGF 2a ) and DNA (urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG), as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured in 60 patients with newly diagnosed seizure (at illness onset and after 6 months of treatment with lamotrigine, carbamazepine or valproic acid) and in 20 healthy controls. Results: In patients with epilepsy, RCD, urinary 8-epi-PGF 2a and 8 -OHdG, together with SOD and GPX activities were significantly increased, while P-SH were only slightly decreased. After 6 months of treatment with AEDs, a decrease was observed in RCD, urinary 8-epi-PGF 2a and 8-

Effects of the pharmaceutical contaminants ibuprofen, diclofenac, and carbamazepine alone, and in combination, on oxidative stress parameters in early life stages of tench (Tinca tinca)

“…Peroxidative injury to plasma phospholipids may lead to severe cell damage (Ercegovac et al 2013). Surprising results with respect to lipid peroxidation were obtained in our study.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, no other positive effect of CBZ on lipids has been reported in fish to date. On the other hand, a positive effect of long-term treatment with CBZ on the antioxidant balance was described in humans (Ercegovac et al 2013).…”

The Predictors of Early Atherosclerosis in Young Adult Epileptic Patients

“…Glutathione peroxidase in our patients was significantly higher than those in the control group. This is in agreement with several studies [11,35,36,37] . We suggest that GPX upregulation, in patients with epilepsy receiving AEDS, might be a consequence of induced GPX synthesis in the liver as a compensatory mechanism for decreased glutathione levels in the same group of patients.…”

Dihomo-isoprostanes—nonenzymatic metabolites of AdA—are higher in epileptic patients compared to healthy individuals by a new ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole–tandem mass spectrometry method

“…Previous studies have measured the concentrations of eicosanoids (PGE 2 , TXA 2 , and PGI 2 ) in epileptic patients, in comparison with control group samples [28]. Thus, Ercegovac and colleagues showed that urinary 8-iso-PGF 2α (15-F 2t -IsoP) excretion was significantly increased (more than twofold) in patients with epilepsy compared to the control group [29]. These previous results indicate that epileptic patients could be subjected to augmented OS, compared to healthy individuals, at the systemic level.…”

“…Similarly, the urinary excretion of the metabolite Ent-7-epi-7-F 2t -Dihomo-IsoP was greater in the epileptic group than in the control group (900472111 and 691671370 ng 24 h À 1 , respectively). Regarding AA oxidation markers (IsoPs), recent papers have reported urinary and blood levels of IsoPs in epileptic patients based on enzyme immunoassays (EIA) [29,35,36]. In patients with epilepsy, urinary 8-iso-PGF 2α (15-F 2t -IsoP) was significantly increased (1.81 ng/mg creatinine) compared to the control group (0.60 ng/mg creatinine) [29].…”