Antidiabetic Efficacy of Citrus Fruits With Special Allusion to Flavone Glycosides

Srinivasan, Subramani; Vinothkumar, Veerasamy; Murali, Raju

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813822-9.00022-9

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Hesperidin, or vitamin P, is a flavanone glycoside found in all types of citrus fruits. It is one of the safest and most valuable bioactive compounds, which possess a wide range of pharmacological properties [ 16 ]. Hesperidin has exhibited anti-type II diabetic [ 16 ], anti-inflammatory [ 17 ], anti-oxidative [ 17 , 18 ], anti-cancer [ 19 , 20 ], and cardioprotective properties [ 21 , 22 ], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is one of the safest and most valuable bioactive compounds, which possess a wide range of pharmacological properties [ 16 ]. Hesperidin has exhibited anti-type II diabetic [ 16 ], anti-inflammatory [ 17 ], anti-oxidative [ 17 , 18 ], anti-cancer [ 19 , 20 ], and cardioprotective properties [ 21 , 22 ], etc. These findings suggest that limonin and hesperidin can provide health-promoting benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Green Extraction Method to Achieve the Highest Yield of Limonin and Hesperidin from Lime Peel Powder (Citrus aurantifolia)

2022

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Green extraction is aimed at reducing energy consumption by using renewable plant sources and environmentally friendly bio-solvents. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is a rich source of flavonoids (e.g., hesperidin) and limonoids (e.g., limonin). Manufacturing of lime products (e.g., lime juice) yields a considerable amount of lime peel as food waste that should be comprehensively exploited. The aim of this study was to develop a green and simple extraction method to acquire the highest yield of both limonin and hesperidin from the lime peel. The study method included ethanolic-aqueous extraction and variable factors, i.e., ethanol concentrations, pH values of solvent, and extraction temperature. The response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction conditions. The concentrations of limonin and hesperidin were determined by using UHPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that the yields of limonin and hesperidin significantly depended on ethanol concentrations and extraction temperature, while pH value had the least effect. The optimal extraction condition with the highest amounts of limonin and hesperidin was 80% ethanol at pH 7, 50 °C, which yields 2.072 and 3.353 mg/g of limonin and hesperidin, respectively. This study illustrates a green extraction process using food waste, e.g., lime peel, as an energy-saving source and ethanol as a bio-solvent to achieve the highest amount of double bioactive compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green Extraction Method to Achieve the Highest Yield of Limonin and Hesperidin from Lime Peel Powder (Citrus aurantifolia)

2022

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“…Diosmin (diosmetin-7-O-rutinoside) is isolated from Scrophularia nodosa and can be obtained via hesperidin dehydrogenation [ 105 ]. In CCI-induced neuropathic pain rats, diosmin (10, 100, 316.2, 562.3, and 1000 mg/kg) could attenuate mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in acute treatments (0–120 min) except 10 mg/kg, and diosmin (316.2 mg/kg) could also attenuate mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in sub-chronic (15–28 days) treatments, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis further found that diosmin could cross the blood brain barrier [ 67 ].…”

Section: The Antinociceptive Effect Of Glycosides In a Rodent Model Of Neuropathic Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosides for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Potential Medicinal Components

Tian

Liu

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Neuropathic pain is a refractory disease that occurs across the world and pharmacotherapy has limited efficacy and/or safety. This disease imposes a significant burden on both the somatic and mental health of patients; indeed, some patients have referred to neuropathic pain as being ‘worse than death’. The pharmacological agents that are used to treat neuropathic pain at present can produce mild effects in certain patients, and induce many adverse reactions, such as sedation, dizziness, vomiting, and peripheral oedema. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover novel drugs that are safer and more effective. Natural compounds from medical plants have become potential sources of analgesics, and evidence has shown that glycosides alleviated neuropathic pain via regulating oxidative stress, transcriptional regulation, ion channels, membrane receptors and so on. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of neuropathic pain and the existing therapeutic drugs used for disease prevention and treatment. We also demonstrate how glycosides exhibit an antinociceptive effect on neuropathic pain in laboratory research and describe the antinociceptive mechanisms involved to facilitate the discovery of new drugs to improve the quality of life of patients experiencing neuropathic pain.

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“…A flavonoid glycoside, diosmin (3′,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxy flavone-7-rhamnoglucoside), is frequently extant in the pericarp of citrus fruits (Rutaceae) [ 14 ]. Diosmin (DSM) consists of a disaccharide group (6- O -( α -L-rhamnopyranosyl)- β -D-glucopyranosyl) attached with the aglycone moiety (diosmetin) through glycosidic linkage and can be biosynthesized from hesperidin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a venoactive drug that improves microcirculation, lymphatic drainage, and enhances the flexibility of veins by attenuating norepinephrine metabolism by catechol- O -methyl transferase. DSM abrogates microvascular permeability, leukocyte extravasation, and the appearance of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 [ 14 , 15 ]. Several studies indicated free radical rummaging and immune harmonizing properties of DSM in the brain [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insight into Diosmin-Induced Neuroprotection and Memory Improvement in Intracerebroventricular-Quinolinic Acid Rat Model: Resurrection of Mitochondrial Functions and Antioxidants

Huang

Singh²,

Kainth³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Neurodegeneration is the final event after a cascade of pathogenic mechanisms in several brain disorders that lead to cognitive and neurological loss. Quinolinic acid (QA) is an excitotoxin derived from the tryptophan metabolism pathway and is implicated in several ailments, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and psychosis disease. Diosmin (DSM) is a natural flavonoid possessing such properties that may halt the course of neurodegenerative progression. In past studies, free radical scavenging, along with properties, such as antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and vasoactive properties, of DSM were pragmatic. Hence, in the current experimentations, the neuroprotective activity of DSM was investigated in the QA rat prototype. QA was administered through the intracerebroventricular route (QA-ICV) in rats on day one, and DSM (50 and 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal route) was given from day 1 to 21. Memory, gait, sensorimotor functions, and biomarkers of oxidative mutilation and mitochondrial functions were evaluated in the whole brain. Results showed significant deterioration of sensorimotor performance, gait, and working- and long-term memory in rats by QA-ICV. These behavioral anomalies were significantly attenuated by DSM (50 and 100 mg/kg) and donepezil (standard drug). QA-ICV-induced decrease in body mass (g), diet, and water ingestion were also attenuated by DSM or donepezil treatments. QA-ICV inhibited mitochondrial complex I and II activities that caused an increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress along with a reduction in endogenous antioxidants in the brain. DSM dose-dependently ameliorated mitochondrial functions and decreased oxidative stress in QA-ICV-treated rats. DSM can be a possible alternative in treating neurodegenerative disorders with underlying mitochondrial dysfunction pathology.

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Antidiabetic Efficacy of Citrus Fruits With Special Allusion to Flavone Glycosides

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

A Green Extraction Method to Achieve the Highest Yield of Limonin and Hesperidin from Lime Peel Powder (Citrus aurantifolia)

A Green Extraction Method to Achieve the Highest Yield of Limonin and Hesperidin from Lime Peel Powder (Citrus aurantifolia)

Glycosides for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Potential Medicinal Components

Mechanistic Insight into Diosmin-Induced Neuroprotection and Memory Improvement in Intracerebroventricular-Quinolinic Acid Rat Model: Resurrection of Mitochondrial Functions and Antioxidants

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