Antidiabetic effect of Nigella sativa compared with metformin on blood glucose levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino wistar rats

Abstract

Background: Antidiabetic drugs are many but all of them have adverse effects ranging from simple side effects to serious side effects like hypoglycemic coma. We need alternative drugs which will not only lower blood sugar level but have fewer side effects. One such daily use ingredient in our food is Nigella sativa (kalonji) which has many properties.Methods: This was an objective study in an experimental animal. We divided albino wistar rats into six groups each group with six rats. Diabetes was induced using drug streptozotocin. Three doses of Nigella sativa 0.5 ml, 1 ml, 1.5 ml orally per rat were used. Metformin (100 mg/kg body weight) was used as standard drug. Blood sugar was estimated using glucometer on day 0 (starting day of treatment), day 5, day 10, day 20, day 40. The effect of Nigella sativa was compared with metformin group using the Anova test. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 20.Results: Nigella sativa (NS) produced significant hypoglycemic effect. NS in the dose of 0.5 ml, 1 ml and 1.5 ml produced significant reduction in blood glucose in comparison to day 0. Metformin also (100 mg/kg body weight) produced significant reduction in blood glucose on day 20 and day 40. Comparison of hypoglycemic effect of Nigella sativa is not significantly different on day 10 (1 ml) and day 20 (1.5 ml) in comparison to Metformin (100 mg/kg body weight). Histopathological examination showed that there was partial regeneration of beta islet cells of pancreas by 1.5 ml of Nigella sativa which were damaged due to streptozotocin treatment.Conclusions: Alternative method of treatment for diabetes is very much needed and the study shows the use of the spice (Nigella sativa) daily can lower the blood sugar levels and can serve as an alternative treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella Sativa (Black Seeds) and Its Active Constituent (Thymoquinone): A Review of Human and Experimental Animal Studies

“…Another experimental animal study using streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino Wistar rats determined that the administration of 1.5 mL of N. sativa oil for 40 days produced a significant reduction of blood sugar in comparison to 100 mg/kg of metformin. 42 Similarly, an in-vitro study confirmed the antidiabetic efficacy of N. sativa flavonoids surface coated gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs), which exhibited 78% increase of antidiabetic properties. 43 …”

Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review

“…Both the NS volatile oil and its principal bioactive ingredient, TQ, are known to improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia ( 83 ). In animal studies, NSO’s anti-hyperglycemic effect was equivalent to, if not superior to, metf, the principal hypoglycemic medicine now in use ( 155 ). Because this was a one-time trial, larger-scale research using more NS parameters may provide a clearer picture.…”

Yield and Quality Traits of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Genotypes in Response to the Different Sowing Dates

“…Black cumin is also known as black seed, small fennel, Roman coriander, black caraway, and black sesame (Hossain et al, 2021). The name Nigella derives from the Latin word niger, which means "black" (Sadiq et al, 2021). Although the Nigella genus contains 12 species in the Turkish flora, only N. sativa and N. damascena are cultivated in different regions of Türkiye (Can et al, 2021).…”