Antidiabetic activity and acute toxicity of combined extract of Andrographis paniculata, Syzygium cumini, and Caesalpinia sappan

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata , Syzygium cumini , and Caesalpinia sappan are used as traditional medicines to treat diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this study aims to examine the antidiabetic effects and the acute toxicity of combined extract (1:1:1) of A. paniculata , S. cumini , and C. sappan (ASCE). The antidiabetic effect was tested using the rats model, induced by a high-fat diet and a double dose of streptozotocin injection of 35 mg/kg BW. Subsequently, diabetic rats in the experimental group were treated with 75 mg/kg BW and 150 mg/kg BW of ASCE, and those in the diabetic control group were treated with metformin 250 mg/kg BW. After seven days of treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), pancreatic β-cells numbers, and lipid profiles were used to analyze the antidiabetic effect. The results showed that the administration of 150 mg/kg BW ASCE significantly reduced FBG ( p < 0.01), cholesterol levels ( p < 0.05), LDL levels ( p < 0.05), but not triglycerides, compared to diabetic control, this effect was comparable to metformin treatment. In addition, the pancreatic β-cells numbers were likely increased after ASCE treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The oral administration of a single dose of ASCE was safe up to 5000 mg/kg BW and did not result in any significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters compared with the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that ASCE has a potential antidiabetic effect and can be safely developed as alternative medicine.

Medicinal plants used by rural Thai people to treat non-communicable diseases and related symptoms

“…This explains why there is minimal evidence for candidates in advanced levels of type 2 diabetes, because A. paniculata appears to confer protective effects, but does not act as an insulin replacement, rather it restores insulin sensitivity. Other studies indicated that combinations of extracts from A. paniculata and other plants, such as Momordica charantia L. [ 34 ] or Caesalpinia sappan Linn and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels [ 35 ] have additive or synergistic potential in treatment of diabetes in rat models.…”

Indicadores Físico-Químicos E Componentes Antioxidantes De Duas Plantas Medicinais Com Alegações Antidiabéticas Da Amazônia

“…Cumini é uma árvore nativa da Índia difundida em todo o mundo, usada como antidiabético, onde todas as partes da planta contem polifenóis, e quercetina nas folhas, a M. Sphaerocarpa também utilizada na medicina popular para o controle do diabetes revelam grande quantidade de compostos fenólicos, dentre esses compostos, destacam-se o ácido clorogênico (MASAENAH et al, 2021).…”

Alpha-glucosidase and DPP-IV Inhibitory Activities of Ethanol Extract from Caesalpinia sappan, Andrographis paniculata, and Syzygium cumini

“…The extraction process was the same as the previous study 11 and was done by LIPI. Each 500 g of dried powder of Andrographis paniculata herbs, Syzygium cumini leaves and Caesalpinia sappan wood was extracted by maceration process using 70% ethanol.…”

“…9,10 Previous in vivo studies showed that after seven days, the rats treated by combined extract (1:1:1) with a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced levels of fasting blood sugar, cholesterol levels, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. 11 Some previous studies also had worked on in vitro assay. Based on those studies, all extracts have potential antidiabetic activity as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.…”