Although a wide assortment of agents is currently available for the treatment of depression, this disorder remains poorly managed in a large proportion of patients. Traditional antidepressant treatments target the biogenic amine systems. However, a growing body of evidence is implicating the involvement of neuropeptides in depression, especially the neurokinin substance P. This study evaluated the effects of selective antagonists of the tachykinin NK 1 , NK 2 , and NK 3 receptors in the forced swim test, a commonly used screen for antidepressants. Rats were given CP-96,345 (2S,propyl)-4-phenylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-methylacetamide, antagonists of the NK 1 , NK 2 , and NK 3 receptors, respectively, at doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.). The time of immobility during the forced swim test was used as an indicator of antidepressant activity of the antagonists. All antagonists decreased immobility times. CP-96,345 and SR 142801 showed doserelated effects; SR 48968 had its maximum effect at 2.5 mg/kg. The magnitude of the effects of the neurokinin receptor antagonists was approximately the same as that of amitriptyline and desipramine, two traditional antidepressants, both given at 10 mg/kg, i.p. This study provides comparative data on the relative effectiveness of NK 1 , NK 2 , and NK 3 receptor antagonists in this screen for antidepressant drug activity.