Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous extract of Leonotis leonurus

Bienvenu, E; Amabeoku, G.J.; Eagles, P.; Scott, Gillian; Springfield, E.P.

doi:10.1078/0944-7113-00103

Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Plants with typical anthelminthic properties have been reported by Githiori et al (2006) and Jackson and Miller (2006) to contain alkaloids, amino acids, saponins flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. A. ferox contains amino acids and saponins (Mabusela et al 1990), E. elephantina rhizomes are suspected to contain tannins (Naidoo et al 2005), whereas L. leonurus contains alkaloids, saponins and tannins (Bienvenu et al 2002). The anthelminthic activity of A. ferox, E. elephantina, and L. leonurus could, therefore, be attributed to their chemical composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

In vivo validation of Aloe ferox (Mill). Elephantorrhiza elephantina Bruch. Skeels. and Leonotis leonurus (L) R. BR as potential anthelminthics and antiprotozoals against mixed infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats

Maphosa

Masika

2011

Parasitol Res

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Aloe ferox (Mill)., Elephantorrhiza elephantina Bruch. Skeels. and Leonotis leonurus (L) R. BR. are some of the plants used by farmers in the Eastern Cape Province to control worms in goats, but information on their efficacy is lacking. The study was conducted to determine efficacy of these plants on gastrointestinal nematodes in natural mixed infections in goats. Forty-eight male goats aged 8-12 months were divided into eight groups (Treatments A-H) of six animals each, balanced in terms of liveweight and worm egg count. Treatments A to F received plant extracts, three animals in each group receiving doses of 250 mg/kg and the other three receiving 500 mg/kg at concentration of 100 mg/ml, while those in G and H received Valbazen® (11.36% albendazole) at 10 mg/kg, and 0.5 ml/kg distilled water, respectively per os. Faecal samples were collected on days 0, 3, 6 and 9 for faecal egg counts (FEC), and body weights recorded on days 1 and 9. Results showed significant reductions (P < 0.05) in strongyle eggs by A. ferox extract at dose levels of 500 mg/kg on days 3, 6 and 9, while reductions in Eimeria spp. oocysts were observed on days 3, 6 and 9 for animals that received 500 mg/kg doses. E. elephantina caused significant reduction (P < 0.05) of Trichuris spp. eggs on days 3 and 6, respectively at 250 mg/kg dose level, whereas L. leonurus also caused significant reduction (P < 0.05) in FEC of Trichuris spp. and Eimeria spp. oocysts at 250 mg/kg dose level on day 9. Albendazole caused reductions (P < 0.05) in strongyle eggs on days 3 and 6, Trichuris spp. on days 3, 6 and 9, and on coccidia, it caused a reduction (P > 0.05) on day 1, whereas on days 6 and 9, there was an increase. On total mixed infections, highest FECR% were observed with the extract of A. ferox on days 3 (53%), 6 (54%) and 9 (58%) at 500 mg/kg,whereas albendazole had efficacy levels of 39%, 44% and 29% on days 3, 6 and 9, respectively. Body weight of goats from days 1 to 9 were not significant different from the control. The study revealed efficacy of A. ferox, E. elephantina and L. leonurus against gastrointestinal parasites at high doses (500 mg/kg), showing that the plants have the potential to be used as anthelminthics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

In vivo validation of Aloe ferox (Mill). Elephantorrhiza elephantina Bruch. Skeels. and Leonotis leonurus (L) R. BR as potential anthelminthics and antiprotozoals against mixed infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats

Maphosa

Masika

2011

Parasitol Res

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“…The number of animals convulsing was analysed using the chisquared test [29]. The data obtained were expressed as mean ± SEM (standard error mean).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Some Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Anticonvulsant Activity of Tulbaghia violacea Harv

Masoud¹

2017

JPP

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Even though Tulbaghia violacea has been used to treat and manage epilepsy in South Africa by traditional medicine practitioners, no evidence in any literature has shown any scientific scrutiny of the effectiveness of the plant species in therapy. This study was intended, therefore, to investigate the anticonvulsant effect of the leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea by studying its effect against tonic convulsion induced by either PTZ (pentylenetetrazole), bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA (N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid) in mice. Qualitative phytochemical analysis, acute toxicity and HPLC studies were also carried out on the plant species. Leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea, phenobarbitone, diazepam or muscimol significantly antagonised PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin-induced convulsion. Combined treatment of sub-effective doses of T. violacea and muscimol significantly antagonised tonic convulsion induced by PTZ. T. violacea or phenobarbitone significantly antagonised strychnine-induced tonic convulsion. T. violacea or LY233053 significantly antagonised NMDLA-elicited tonic convulsion. Phenytoin or DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) did not significantly affect the tonic convulsion produced by PTZ, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA. The phytochemical qualitative analysis of the plant species showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, triterpene steroids, quinones and tannins. The LD50 value obtained following oral administration of the plant extract was over 4000 mg/kg. The data in the present study indicate that the leaf methanol extract of T. violacea has anticonvulsant activity which is probably underpinned by GABAergic, glutaminergic and glycinergic mechanisms.

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“…The number of animals convulsing was analysed using the chi-squared test (Bienvenu et al, 2002). The data obtained were expressed as Mean±SEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid in the Anticonvulsant Effect of the Leaf Methanol Extract of Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) in Mice

Ahmad¹,

Amabeoku²

2013

International J. of Pharmacology

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Abstract:The possible involvement of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), in the anticonvulsant effect of Ruta graveolens L. was investigated by studying the effect of the leaf methanol extract against seizures elicited by either pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), bicuculline, picrotoxin or N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic acid (NlvIDLA) in mice. Leaf methanol extract of Ruta graveolens, phenobarbitone, diazepam and muscimol significantly antagonized seizures induced by PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin. Combined treatment of sub-effective doses of R. graveolens and muscimol significantly antagonized seizures induced by PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or phenytoin did not significantly affect the seizures produced by PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin. Ruta graveolens, phenobarbitone, diazepam, phenytoin or DMSO did not significantly affect seizures produced by NlvIDLA. LY233053 significantly antagonized seizures produced by NlvIDLA. Combined treatment of sub-effective doses of LY233053 and Ruta graveolens did not significantly alter NlvIDLA-induced seizures. The phytochemical qualitative analysis of the plant species showed the presence of tannins, cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, triterpene steroids and alkaloids. The LD50 value obtained following oral administration of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens was above 4000 mg kg-1 . The HPLC fingerprint of the plant species revealed certain characteristic peaks at 350 run. The data obtained in this study, indicate that the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens has anticonvulsant activity. The data obtained also indicate that GABA mechanism may probably be involved in the anticonvulsant effect of the plant extract. The relatively high LD50 obtained for the plant species, given orally, indicates that it is safe in mice. IntroductionEpilepsy is a worldwide neurological disorder which 1s also prevalent in South Africa. Besides the use of standard medicines to manage and treat the condition effectively, medicinal plants have been used especially in rural commmrities by traditional medicine practitioners to manage and treat epilepsy (Van Wyk et al., 1997; Wat 1967). One of such medicinal plants is Ruta graveolens L.

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Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous extract of Leonotis leonurus

Cited by 71 publications

References 8 publications

In vivo validation of Aloe ferox (Mill). Elephantorrhiza elephantina Bruch. Skeels. and Leonotis leonurus (L) R. BR as potential anthelminthics and antiprotozoals against mixed infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats

In vivo validation of Aloe ferox (Mill). Elephantorrhiza elephantina Bruch. Skeels. and Leonotis leonurus (L) R. BR as potential anthelminthics and antiprotozoals against mixed infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats

Investigation of Some Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Anticonvulsant Activity of Tulbaghia violacea Harv

Involvement of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid in the Anticonvulsant Effect of the Leaf Methanol Extract of Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) in Mice

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