Anticoccidial activity of herbal complex in broiler chickens challenged withEimeria tenella

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of different concentrations of the herbal complex of 4 plants (leaves of Azadirachta indica and Nicotiana tabacum, flowers of Calotropis procera and seeds of Trachyspermum ammi) in broiler chickens in comparison with amprolium anticoccidial. Three concentrations (2 g, 4 g and 6 g) of herbal complex were given to the experimental groups once a day and amprolium (at the dose rate of 125 ppm) was given orally in drinking water from the 14th to the 21st days of age. One group was kept as infected, non-medicated control and one as non-infected, non-medicated control. All groups were inoculated orally with 75,000 sporulated oocysts on the 14th day of age except the non-infected, non-medicated control. Among herbal complex medicated groups, the maximum anticoccidial effect was seen in the group medicated with 6 g herbal complex followed by 4 g and 2 g herbal complex medicated groups. Treatment with 6 g of the herbal complex significantly reduced the negative performance and pathogenic effects associated with Eimeria tenella challenge at a level that was comparable with amprolium when using a largely susceptible recent field isolate. In summary, concentration-dependent anticoccidial activity of the studied herbal complex suggests its use as an alternative anticoccidial agent to chemotherapeutic drugs for Eimeria tenella control.

Immunomodulatory Activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra Extract against Mixed Eimeria Infection in Chickens

“…A total of 175 days-old broiler chicks were procured from local market in Faisalabad and reared on floor pens under standard management practices (Zaman et al, 2012). All chicks were offered broiler starter ration for first two weeks followed by broiler finisher ration.…”

“…Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Chicks were vaccinated for Newcastle Disease, Infectious Bronchitis and Infectious Bursal Disease following Zaman et al (2012). Temperature during the first week of age was maintained at 85-90°F; however, it was reduced on weekly basis by 5°F.…”

“…Among alternatives, botanicals rich in antioxidant compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins and saponins has gained special importance and are being used as an alternative strategy to treat coccidiosis (Nweze and Obiwulu, 2009;Abbas et al, 2012). During last decade, some botanicals have been reported promising for their use as anticoccidials Zaman et al, 2012;Idris et al, 2017) and immunomodulators .…”

In vitro Efficacy of Herbal Extracts against Eimeria tenella

“…Sporulation inhibition is a common criterion to assess the anticoccidial properties (Molan et al, 2009). However, most of the workers investigated in vitro effect by using cell culture method (Burt et al, 2013) and effect on oocyst shedding after administration of anticoccidials (Zaman et al, 2012a). However, the method used in this study is cost effective and time efficient.…”

Effect of Hexane and Ethanol Extracts of Ten Basil Genotypes on the Growth of Selected Bacterial Strains

“…For synthesis of complex chemical compounds and drug preparations, a good knowledge of the phytochemicals and source is desirable (Mojab et al, 2003;Chanda, 2007, 2008). Phytochemical components such as tannins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, steroids and flavonoids are responsible for various pharmacological disorders Zaman et al, 2012). These phytochemicals are synthesized as primary or secondary metabolites in tissues or cells of plants and secondary metabolites are taxonomically and chemically are diverse group of compounds with vague function mainly in pharmaceutics.…”