Anticancer Mechanism of the Non-polar Extract from Echium angustifolium Mill. Aerial Parts in Relation to Its Chemical Content

Abstract

Our previous findings elucidated that the hydroethanolic extract of Echium angustifolium M ill. aerial parts and its defatted (polar) fraction supported by bio-guided fractionation possessed potential anticancer and antioxidant activities, as well as other documented plant therapeutic uses. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the hexane (non-polar) extract of E. angustifolium aerial parts for in vitro anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities accompanied by characterization of its bioactive constituents using GC-M S and LC-ESI-M S techniques in order to gain a deeper understanding of this medicinal plant that could be developed as a phytomedicine. This extract exhibited high inhibition against HCT116 (IC 50 = 12 µg/mL) & HEPG2 (IC 50 = 18 µg/mL) cancer cell lines, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. GC-M S of the analyzed extract led to identifying 24 volatile constituents, among them, ethyl esters of palmitic acid and linoleic acid were the most abundant oxygenated compounds. M eanwhile, 10 nonvolatile components were annotated by LC-ESI-M S comprising five phenolic acid derivatives, two lignans, echimidine, acetylshikonin, and quinic acid. M oreover, some of these phytoconstituents were identified in this plant species for the first time. These results justify using non-polar E. angustifolium extract as a possible source of anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents, which can be better confirmed by further in vivo studies.

New cyclic glycolipids from Silene succulenta promote in vitro MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell apoptosis by cell cycle arrest and in silico mitotic Mps1/TTK inhibition

“…37 These uncommon cyclic glycolipid structures inspired us to investigate phytochemically the Caryophyllaceous plant ( S. succulenta ) in more detail in addition to continuing our phytochemical and biological studies on the interesting Egyptian desert plants growing on the Northwestern coast of Egypt 38 as well as the search for anticancer candidates from the promising wild plants. 39–41…”

“…37 These uncommon cyclic glycolipid structures inspired us to investigate phytochemically the Caryophyllaceous plant (S. succulenta) in more detail in addition to continuing our phytochemical and biological studies on the interesting Egyptian desert plants growing on the Northwestern coast of Egypt 38 as well as the search for anticancer candidates from the promising wild plants. [39][40][41] According to these previous studies, the real intention was to explore the cytotoxic activity of S. succulenta aerial parts against MCF-7. Moreover, the isolation and identication of some constituents responsible for this activity were done via bioassay guided fractionation using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.…”