Antibody Repertoire Development in Fetal and Neonatal Piglets. XI. The Relationship of Variable Heavy Chain Gene Usage and the Genomic Organization of the Variable Heavy Chain Locus

Abstract

Material

Antibody Repertoire Development in Fetal and Neonatal Piglets. XX. B Cell Lymphogenesis Is Absent in the Ileal Peyer’s Patches, Their Repertoire Development Is Antigen Dependent, and They Are Not Required for B Cell Maintenance

“…The IPP appears to be a specialized secondary lymphoid tissue that appears during late fetal life in the absence of environment influences in contrast to the JPP or conventional PP. Certain features of the IPP in fetal and newborn piglets distinguish it from secondary lymphoid tissues like spleen, such as the dominant expression of IgG3, the most primordial IgG for swine and most 59 in the locus (42,46,82). In mice, IgG3 (also the most 39 Cg gene) is important in marginal zone B cells and seems targeted to bacterial polysaccharides in a T-independent fashion (83,84).…”

“…The primers employed for recovery of SJC and VDJ and the expected product size are given in Supplemental Table II. This procedure is simplified in swine since they possess only two functional DH segments and one functional JH segment (46,(61)(62)(63). Furthermore, all swine V H genes belong to the ancestral V H 3 family so that only one V H gene primer is needed (37, 43) (Supplemental Table II).…”

“…However, swine have multiple offspring (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), weigh ,2 kg at birth, and can be conveniently reared in GF isolators after their recovery by cesarean surgery where all environmental and maternal factors are thereafter controlled by the experimenter (41,42). Furthermore, the V H repertoire of swine is well characterized, partially mapped, and has been followed during development using methods that quantify repertoire development and frequency of SHM (43)(44)(45)(46)(47).…”

Immunoglobulin Polygeny: An Evolutionary Perspective

“…As we have shown elsewhere, porcine IgG3 has a gene structure which is most similar to the consensus Cγ genes of other mammals and therefore is closest to the ancestral Cγ gene of all mammals (Butler et al, 2009a). IgG3 in humans, mice andswine all occupy the same 5' position which is immediately downstream of Cδ (Eguchi- Ogawa-et al, 2010). Our studies indicate that the remainder of the porcine Cγ genes were derived from an ancestral Cγ that diverged early from IgG3 (Butler et al, 2009a).…”

“…2B). The same phenomenon occurs in the VH sublocus of mice (Retter et al, 2007;Johnston et al, 2006) humans (Matsuda et al, 1990) and in swine (Eguchi-Ogawa et al, 2010). For example, the genomic segment in swine that contains VHA, VHB and VHE has been duplicated to yield VHA*, VHB* and VHF.…”