Antibodies to ATLV/HTLV-1 in Africa

Hunsmann, Gerhard; Bayer, H.; Schneider, Josef; Schmitz, Herbert; Kern, Peter; Dietrich, M.; Büttner, Dietrich W.; Goudeau, Alain; Kulkarni, Grishma; Fleming, A. F.

doi:10.1007/bf02123765

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, Fleming et al (1983) reported that lymphoma patients with anti-HTLV antibodies existed in Nigeria. Hunsmann et al (1984) extended these studies and showed that 1 to 69o of the population of several African countries, Senegal, Liberia, Nigeria, Kenya, Gabon, Zaire and South Africa, were infected with HTLV.…”

Section: Atl and Anti-htl V Antibodies Outside Japanmentioning

confidence: 83%

Viral Aetiology of Adult T-Cell Leukaemia

Yamamoto

Hinuma

1985

Journal of General Virology

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Section: Atl and Anti-htl V Antibodies Outside Japanmentioning

confidence: 83%

Viral Aetiology of Adult T-Cell Leukaemia

Yamamoto

Hinuma

1985

Journal of General Virology

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“…These retroviruses are found in foci of micro-endemicity, particularly in southern Japan,7 equatorial Africa,8,9 and parts of the Americas, including the Caribbean basin,10 and the Southeastern US 10. The frequency of antibodies in symptom-free adults throughout Sub-Saharan Africa has been reported to be from 3%–4% 11,12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus antibodies among patients with lymphoid malignancies at a tertiary center in Lagos, Nigeria

Akinbami

Durojaiye

Dosunmu

et al. 2014

JBM

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BackgroundThere is a significant association of human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) with lymphoid malignancies. HTLV causes a lymphoproliferative malignancy of CD4-activated cells called adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and a chronic myelopathy called tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). This study aims to determine the prevalence of HTLV among patients with lymphoid malignancies at a tertiary center in Lagos.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out at the hematology clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. After obtaining consent, approximately 5 mL of venous blood was collected from each subject. The serum was separated and stored at −20°C. Sera were assayed for HTLV by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for the determination of antibodies to HTLV-1 and -2. Western blot confirmatory testing was done on reactive samples. All patients were also screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) by rapid kits.ResultsA total of 39 patients with lymphoid malignancies were enrolled, consisting of 24 (61.5%) with solid malignancies, while 15 (38.5%) had leukemia. Only two patients (5.1%) with lymphoid malignancies were reactive on the ELISA test. On confirmatory testing with Western blot, two patients (5.1%) with lymphoid malignancies were also positive for HTLV. All patients were HIV negative, but four were positive to HBsAg and HCV. There was no association between history of previous blood transfusion and positivity to HTLV (P=0.544).ConclusionA prevalence of 5.1% of HTLV among patients with lymphoid malignancies was found in this study, and previous history of blood transfusion was not found to be a significant cause of HTLV infection.

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“…For instance, South Africa has a prevalence of 0%,27,28 Zimbabwe 0.11%,29 Senegal 1.2%,30 Namibia 1%,31 Mozambique 0.7%,20,32 and Congo 0.7% 20,33. In Europe, it ranges from 0% to 0.02% 7,10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and correlates of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type 1 antibodies among pregnant women at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria

Okoye¹,

Ibegbulam²,

Onoh³

et al. 2014

IJWH

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BackgroundHuman T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus (HTLV)-1 is a retrovirus transmitted vertically from mother to child parenterally and sexually by infected lymphocytes.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies and associated risk factors for HTLV-1 infection among pregnant women in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, southeast Nigeria.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out from July to October 2010. Two hundred pregnant women were recruited consecutively from the antenatal clinic. Five milliliters of blood was collected from each of the participants into a plain sterile bottle and allowed to clot. The serum obtained was stored at −20°C until required for analysis. The serum samples were then analyzed for antibodies to HTLV-1 using a one-step incubation double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Participants’ demographic characteristics and degree of exposure to the risk factors associated with HTLV-1 infection were captured using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis of results was done using SPSS version 17.ResultsThe average age of the pregnant women was 28.94 years (standard deviation 4.17). The age-group with the highest representation was those between the ages of 26 and 30 years. Thirty-six percent of the population was above 30 years old. The result of the tests showed that only one respondent, a 31-year-old pregnant woman tested positive for HTLV-1 antibodies. Therefore, the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital was 0.5%, with a 95% confidence interval of 0%–2.8%. Some of the sociodemographic risk factors of HTLV-1 infection found to be applicable to the 31-year-old woman who tested positive included positive history of previous sexually transmitted diseases, high parity, low socioeconomic status, female sex, and age above 30 years. The pregnant women that participated in this study were exposed to risk factors and behaviors associated with HTLV-1 infection. Some of the pregnant women (17.5%) had contracted sexually transmitted diseases, and 80.5% did not use condoms during coitus.ConclusionThe seroprevalence obtained in this study was low, though it is 100% for anyone infected. More prospective and multicenter studies are required to determine the infectivity of HTLV-1 among pregnant women in Nigeria.

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Antibodies to ATLV/HTLV-1 in Africa

Cited by 42 publications

References 9 publications

Viral Aetiology of Adult T-Cell Leukaemia

Viral Aetiology of Adult T-Cell Leukaemia

Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus antibodies among patients with lymphoid malignancies at a tertiary center in Lagos, Nigeria

Seroprevalence and correlates of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type 1 antibodies among pregnant women at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria

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