Antibiotics and probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: when to use them?

Abraham, Bincy; Quigley, Eamonn Martin

doi:10.1136/flgastro-2018-101057

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“… Increased in abundance [ 128 ]. Increased intestinal permeability and lipopolysaccharide release through metabolism of bile-acids to oxo-bile [ 144 , 145 ] Escherichia spp ., Dorea spp. Increased in abundance [ 131 , 135 , 136 ] Coprococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Faecalibacterium spp., Prevotella spp.…”

Section: What Is Currently Known On the Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings from recent work showed that the ability of an introduced microbe to successfully colonize the gut depends on the structure of the resident gut microbiota [ 144 ], a factor that has so far been overlooked in microbial intervention-based clinical trials and that might explain discrepancies in animal models and human trials. Nonetheless, intervention with a multispecies consortium of bacteria has shown to be effective in the maintenance of remission in patients with UC but not in those with CD [ 145 ]. Meta-analysis of intervention trials in which various combinations of bacterial strains were administered to adults with T2DM showed moderate improvements in hyperglycemia [ 146 ].…”

Section: What Is Currently Known On the Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Role of the gut microbiome in chronic diseases: a narrative review

2021

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Section: What Is Currently Known On the Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Currently Known On the Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Role of the gut microbiome in chronic diseases: a narrative review

2021

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“…Results from large scale clinical trials and meta-analyses have been mixed with some analyses finding mild to moderate benefits in disease activity scores (65,66) and others finding no benefit (67). Furthermore, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplant (in UC patients) may induce or maintain remission in some IBD patients (68)(69)(70).…”

Section: Observations In Human Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rules of Engagement: Epithelial-Microbe Interactions and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2021

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are complex, multifactorial disorders that lead to chronic and relapsing intestinal inflammation. The exact etiology remains unknown, however multiple factors including the environment, genetic, dietary, mucosal immunity, and altered microbiome structure and function play important roles in disease onset and progression. Supporting this notion that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in IBD pathogenesis, studies in gnotobiotic mice have shown that mouse models of intestinal inflammation require a microbial community to develop colitis. Additionally, antimicrobial therapy in some IBD patients will temporarily induce remission further demonstrating an association between gut microbes and intestinal inflammation. Finally, a dysfunctional intestinal epithelial barrier is also recognized as a key pathogenic factor in IBD. The intestinal epithelium serves as a barrier between the luminal environment and the mucosal immune system and guards against harmful molecules and microorganisms while being permeable to essential nutrients and solutes. Beneficial (i.e., mutualists) bacteria promote mucosal health by strengthening barrier integrity, increasing local defenses (mucin and IgA production) and inhibiting pro-inflammatory immune responses and apoptosis to promote mucosal homeostasis. In contrast, pathogenic bacteria and pathobionts suppress expression and localization of tight junction proteins, cause dysregulation of apoptosis/proliferation and increase pro-inflammatory signaling that directly damages the intestinal mucosa. This review article will focus on the role of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the luminal environment acting as mediators of barrier function in IBD. We will also share some of our translational observations of interactions between IECs, immune cells, and environmental factors contributing to maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, as it relates to GI inflammation and IBD in different animal models.

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“…It has been experimentally used in rats, and the results of its administration were encouraging [9,10], although, again, there is a lack of controlled clinical studies. Finally, probiotics of a special type and dosage could in fact reduce the inflammatory process in patients with active ulcerative colitis UC [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, Colostrum, Probiotics, and Other Nutritional Compounds in the Treatment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020

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Enteral nutrition seems to play a significant role in the treatment of both adults and children with active Crohn’s disease, and to a lesser degree in the treatment of patients with active ulcerative colitis. The inclusion of some special factors in the enteral nutrition formulas might increase the rate of the efficacy. Actually, enteral nutrition enriched in Transforming Growth Factor-β reduced the activity index and maintained remission in patients with Crohn’s disease. In addition, a number of experimental animal studies have shown that colostrum exerts a significantly positive result. Probiotics of a special type and a certain dosage could also reduce the inflammatory process in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Therefore, the addition of these factors in an enteral nutrition formula might increase its effectiveness. Although the use of these formulas is not supported by large clinical trials, it could be argued that their administration in selected cases as an exclusive diet or in combination with the drugs used in patients with inflammatory bowel disease could benefit the patient. In this review, the authors provide an update on the role of enteral nutrition, supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, colostrum, and probiotics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Antibiotics and probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: when to use them?

Cited by 34 publications

References 96 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Role of the gut microbiome in chronic diseases: a narrative review

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Role of the gut microbiome in chronic diseases: a narrative review

Rules of Engagement: Epithelial-Microbe Interactions and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with Transforming Growth Factor-β, Colostrum, Probiotics, and Other Nutritional Compounds in the Treatment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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