Antibiotic sensitivity pattern in urinary tract infection among adults in central part of Nepal

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is characterized by pathological invasion of the urinary tract by microorganisms. Majorities of organisms causing UTI are gram negative bacteria, most common of which is E. coli. Urine culture and sensitivity test is used to isolate the organism and to identify the susceptible drug of choice for appropriate treatment. This hospital-based study was carried out to analyze the spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms causing UTI.
 Methods: A retrospective study was done to analyze the results of urine culture and sensitivity test done at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital over a period of two and half years. Standard guideline and protocol were used to collect the urine sample and to perform the test. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.
 Result: Out of 12, 925 urine samples submitted for culture and sensitivity test during the study period, bacterial pathogens were isolated from 3, 173 (24.54%) samples, which was significantly higher among females (28%) than the males (17%). The most common organism isolated on the culture was E. coli (68.5%) followed by Klebsiella (18.4%). Sensitivity of the uropathogens was seen highest with colistin (79.2%) followed by teicoplanin (64.58%), Aztreonam (63.25%) and Ni­trofurantoin (61.16%). Most common antibiotics that showed resistance to the microorganisms in this study were Ampicillin (60.93%), Cotrimoxazole (53.72%), Cefixime (40.57%) and Levofloxacin (32.93%).
 Conclusions: This study has found a usual pattern of UTI with higher prevalence among females and E. coli being the most common organism. Nitrofurantoin has been found to have a good sus­ceptibility for the treatment of UTI.

Efficacy of Urine Dipstick Test in Diagnosing Urinary Tract Infection and Detection of the blaCTX-M Gene among ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli

“…The results of this current study revealed that females were more susceptible to UTIs than males ( p > 0.05). This finding is in alignment with some studies conducted by other researchers [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The increased incidence of UTIs in females may be due to favouring anatomic factors, hormonal changes and urodynamic disturbance occurring to age [ 42 ].…”

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Common Bacterial Uropathogens, a Comprehensive Study at Tertiary Care Hospital of Balochistan

“…Additionally, in our research, it was found that 44.7% of females had a significant growth of bacterial uropathogens, while only 33.5% of males showed a similar growth. Notably, these figures are higher than those reported in a study conducted in Nepal, where only 28% of females and 17% of males had bacterial uropathogens in their urine culture [11].…”

Current Trend of Antibiogram of Enterococcus Species Isolated From Urine Samples of Patients Attending Tertiary Care Center, Pokhara

“…1 It is estimated that globally, UTI accounts for 150 million cases per annum and 25% of all infections. 2,3 The common pathogens responsible for UTI are Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterobacter cloacae. 4 Enterococcus were considered as a low grade pathogen previously but now they have switched to opportunistic nosocomial and community acquired pathogen.…”