Antibacterial nanofiber materials activated by light

Abstract

Electrospun polymeric nanofiber materials doped with 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) photosensitizer were prepared from four different polymers and were characterized with microscopic methods, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy. The polymers used included polyurethane Larithane™ (PUR), polystyrene (PS), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyamide 6 (PA6). The antibacterial activity of all nanofiber materials against E. coli was activated by visible light and it was dependent on oxygen permeability/diffusion coefficients and the diameter of the polymeric nanofibers. This activity is based on oxidation ability of singlet oxygen O₂(¹Δ(g)) that is generated upon irradiation. All tested nanofiber materials exhibited prolonged antibacterial properties, even in the dark after long-duration irradiation. The post-irradiation effect was explained by the photogeneration of H₂O₂, which provided the material with long-lasting antibacterial properties.

Virucidal Nanofiber Textiles Based on Photosensitized Production of Singlet Oxygen

“…These values are similar to previously published values for Larithane® polyurethane (τ T  = 17 µs, τ Δ ∼11–21 µs) [16], [18], [30] and polystyrene (τ T  = 22 µs, τ Δ  = 13 µs) [18]. The TPP triplets in the PCL nanofiber material (τ T ∼90 µs in open air) were quenched less effectively by oxygen.…”

A Perspective on the Trends and Challenges Facing Porphyrin‐Based Anti‐Microbial Materials

“…PUR, polystyrene and PCL nanofibers exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and completely inhibited the bacterial growth upon irradiation by visible light, while lower antibacterial activity was found for PA6 nanofibers. All tested nanofiber materials treated with long‐duration irradiation were found to exhibit prolonged antibacterial properties as a result of the formation of H 2 O 2 …”

“…All tested nanofi ber materials treated with long-duration irradiation were found to exhibit prolonged antibacterial properties as a result of the formation of H 2 O 2 . [ 190 ] It should be mentioned that the main issue associated with above polymeric nanofi bers with encapsulated porphyrin is the low diffusing length of O 2 ( 1 Δ g ). This limits the effi cient antimicrobial action in relation to the distance to nanofi ber surfaces.…”

Potential applications of porphyrins in photodynamic inactivation beyond the medical scope

“…No [47] No [50,52,69] On filter paper [82] On cotton fabric [86,108] On polysilsesquioxane plastic films [61] On cotton fabric [87] On azide-modified cellulose nanocrystals [43,75] On chloroacetyl cellulose ester chlorides [78] On cellulose laurate esters plastic films [79] No [71] No [93] No [49,71,93,110] and Tri-Py + -Me-PF on silica coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles [70] and also on CoFe2O4 nanoparticles [111] No [81] No [105] No [36,37,71,74,81,105]; Tetra-Py + -Me was entrapped into microporous silica gels [88] and into three alkylene-bridged polysilsesquioxanes [89] On optically transparent indium tin oxide electrodes [63] On chitosan membranes [72] Pd(II) TetraTPPCO2H On a polyurethane matrix [83] No [105] In hydrophilic polycaprolactone and polyurethane (TecophilicH) nanofibers [60]; on electrospun polymeric nanofiber materials polyurethane Larithane TM , polystyrene, polycaprolactone, and polyamide 6 [76]; into three alkylene-bridged polysilsesquioxanes [89]; and in a silica-gel supported antimony porphyrin complex SbTPP [97,98] No [44,…”

“…Later, Jesenská et al [76] prepared electrospin polymeric nanofibers of polyurethane Larithane TM (PUR), polystyrene (POS), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyamide 6 (PA6) doped with 1% TPP. The PUR, POS, and PCL nanofiber materials were able to inhibit completely the E. coli growth after 60-90 min of irradiation with white light, while lower antibacterial activity was found for PA6 nanofiber materials.…”