Antibacterial efficiency of carbon dots against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: A review

Multivalent Phthalocyanine-Based Cationic Polymers with Enhanced Photodynamic Activity for the Bacterial Capture and Bacteria-Infected Wound Healing

“…The Gram-negative bacteria also possess an additional outer membrane, which is impermeable to large molecules. 29 1 O 2 can penetrate through the membrane more easily. Under 680 nm light irradiation, stronger antibacterial activity was obtained against Gramnegative bacteria (E. coli).…”

The structural characteristics and mechanisms of antimicrobial carbon dots: a mini review

“…The structure of CPDs can be formed by cross-linked polymers or by functional groups/polymer chains linked to a spherical carbon core. [11][12][13] Since CDs were discovered in 2004, due to their small size, biocompatibility, photoluminescence and easy functionalization and modification, they have been widely studied in biosensing, 14 bioimaging, 15,16 photothermal and photodynamic diagnosis and treatment, [17][18][19][20] antibacterial nanomaterials, 21,22 targeted drug delivery, [23][24][25][26] and other aspects. In addition to top-down and bottom-up synthesis, researchers have isolated CDs from systems where Maillard reactions occurred in coffee, barbecue, and beer.…”

Aminoglycoside-mimicking carbonized polymer dots for bacteremia treatment

“…[25][26][27] CNDs synthesized from various precursors have been employed in cellular labeling, antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral applications, and to reduce inflammatory responses. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] In particular, carbon dots carrying a positive charge due to quaternary ammonium or amine functional groups are of great interest due to their enhanced biofilm penetration and bactericidal effect. 35,36 Although several studies have shown that CNDs can successfully eradicate bacteria in vitro, [37][38][39][40][41] the inhibition of clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria in vivo has never been studied.…”