Antibacterial Activity of Trypsin-Hydrolyzed Camel and Cow Whey and Their Fractions

Han, Zhihao; Ji, Rimutu; Xiao, Yuchen; Si, Rendalai; Guo, Fucheng; He, Jing; Hải, Lê Thanh; Li, Yang

doi:10.3390/ani10020337

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The samples were fixed using formalin, embedded in paraffin, sliced into sections, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin, and then observed using a light microscope, as described previously ( Zhou et al, 2018 ). For ultrastructure observation, the samples were sequentially fixed using glutaraldehyde and then osmium tetroxide, dehydrated, embedded, sliced into ultrathin sections, stained using uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and observed using a transmission electron microscope ( Wang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Glucose Oxidase Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Antioxidative and Inflammatory Status, Gut Function, and Microbiota Composition of Broilers Fed Moldy Corn

Liu

2021

Front. Physiol.

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BackgroundGlucose oxidase is widely used as a livestock feed additive owing to its beneficial effects on growth performance and antioxidant activity. However, little is known about the effects of the enzyme on intestinal health.MethodsTo investigate the effects of glucose oxidase supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal function, and microbiota composition of broilers fed moldy corn, newly hatched Arbor Acres broilers were each randomly assigned to one of four groups, which were fed a basal diet (CON), a contaminated diet (10% moldy corn) (MC), a basal diet supplemented with 0.01% glucose oxidase (GOD), or a contaminated diet supplemented with 0.01% glucose oxidase (MCG).ResultsWe found that the average weight gain (ADG) of the MC group was significantly lower than those of the CON and GOD groups, and there were no significant differences in ADG between the MCG group and the CON and GOD groups. Intestinal morphology results revealed irregularly arranged villi and microvilli in the ilea from the MC group, whereas those from the other three groups were aligned regularly. Tight-junction protein analysis showed that both ZO-1 expression and claudin-4 expression in the MC group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. Inflammation cytokines analysis showed lower serum concentration of interleukin-10, as well as its mRNA expression in the ileum of the MC group, when compared with those of the other groups. Additionally, we observed lower glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase activity and higher malonaldehyde concentration in the MC group than those in the MCG group. The α and β diversity of microbiota profiling indicated that the cecal microbiota in the MC group differed from those in the other three groups.ConclusionThe results indicated that glucose oxidase supplementation was able to prevent the adverse effects from mycotoxin exposure on growth performance, antioxidant activity, inflammatory response, intestinal function, and microbiota composition in broilers. We suggested that glucose oxidase supplementation can be used in broilers to mitigate the adverse effects of moldy feed, and its benefits are due to its effect on intestinal microbiota composition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Glucose Oxidase Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Antioxidative and Inflammatory Status, Gut Function, and Microbiota Composition of Broilers Fed Moldy Corn

Liu

2021

Front. Physiol.

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“…When LMPC was tested, a zone of inhibition in an agar plate of test microorganisms was not found; however, some investigators reported that native whey proteins offer antibacterial activity [107]. Antibacterial activity in two isolated whey proteins, lactoferrin [108,109] and lactoperoxidase [110,111], has also been reported by some investigators.…”

Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Peptides from Liquid Milk Protein Concentrate by Sequential Tryptic and Microbial Hydrolysis

et al. 2021

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Recently, bioactive peptides as a health-promoting agent have come to the forefront of health research; however, industrial production is limited, possibly due to the lack of the required technological knowledge. The objective of the investigation was to prepare bioactive peptides with hypoallergenic properties from liquid milk protein concentrate (LMPC), through sequential enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis. LMPC was produced from ultra-heat-treated (UHT) skimmed cow’s milk using a nanofiltration membrane. The effect of the concentration of trypsin (0.008–0.032 g·L−1) on the hydrolysis of LMPC was studied. Subsequently, the hydrolysis of tryptic-hydrolyzed LMPC (LMPC-T) with lactic acid bacteria was performed, and the effect of glucose in microbial hydrolysis was studied. Aquaphotomic analysis of the hydrolysis of LMPC was performed using the spectral range of 1300–1600 nm (near-infrared spectra). Changes in antioxidant capacity, anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes were noted after the sequential tryptic and microbial hydrolysis of LMPC. Allergenicity in LMPC was reduced, due to sequential hydrolysis with 0.016 g·L−1 of trypsin and lacteal acid bacteria. According to the aquaphotomic analysis result, there was a dissociation of hydrogen bonds in compounds during the initial period of fermentation and, subsequently, the formation of compounds with hydrogen bonds. The formation of compounds with a hydrogen bond was more noticeable when microbial hydrolysis was performed with glucose. This may support the belief that the results of the present investigation will be useful to scale up the process in the food and biopharmaceutical industries.

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“…The anti-microbial activities of whey proteins from camel milk have been widely studied [ 5 , 56 ]. These whey proteins have higher anti-microbial activities compared to those of cow milk proteins [ 57 ]. It has been shown that camel milk whey proteins significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic strains of E. coli and L. monocytogenes [ 28 ].…”

Section: The Anti-microbial and Antioxidant Properties Of Camel Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Development on Anti-Microbial and Antioxidant Properties of Camel Milk and Its Role as an Anti-Cancer and Anti-Hepatitis Agent

Khan

Xiao

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Camel milk is a rich source of vitamin C, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), beta-caseins and milk whey proteins, including lactoferrin, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, alpha-lactalbumin and immunoglobulin. The lactoferrin plays a key role in several physiological functions, such as conferring antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory functions in cells. Similarly, the camel milk alpha-lactalbumin has shown greater antioxidative activity because of its higher antioxidant amino acid residues. The antioxidant properties of camel milk have also been ascribed to the structural conformation of its beta-caseins. Upon hydrolysis, the beta-caseins lead to some bioactive peptides having antioxidant activities. Consequently, the vitamin C in camel milk has a significant antioxidant effect and can be used as a source of vitamin C when the climate is harsh. Furthermore, the lysozyme and immunoglobulins in camel milk have anti-microbial and immune regulatory properties. The LAB isolated from camel milk have a protective role against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Moreover, the LAB can be used as a probiotic and may restore the oxidative status caused by various pathogenic bacterial infections. Various diseases such as cancer and hepatitis have been associated with oxidative stress. Camel milk could increase antiproliferative effects and regulate antioxidant genes during cancer and hepatitis, hence ameliorating oxidative stress. In the current review, we have illustrated the anti-microbial and antioxidant properties of camel milk in detail. In addition, the anti-cancer and anti-hepatitis properties of camel milk have also been discussed.

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Antibacterial Activity of Trypsin-Hydrolyzed Camel and Cow Whey and Their Fractions

Cited by 37 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Glucose Oxidase Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Antioxidative and Inflammatory Status, Gut Function, and Microbiota Composition of Broilers Fed Moldy Corn

Effects of Glucose Oxidase Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Antioxidative and Inflammatory Status, Gut Function, and Microbiota Composition of Broilers Fed Moldy Corn

Bioactive Peptides from Liquid Milk Protein Concentrate by Sequential Tryptic and Microbial Hydrolysis

Research Development on Anti-Microbial and Antioxidant Properties of Camel Milk and Its Role as an Anti-Cancer and Anti-Hepatitis Agent

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