Antibacterial activity of leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata and the effect of its combination with some conventional antibiotics on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wounds

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial properties of crude methanolic extract of Chromolaena odorata and its interactions with some standard antibiotics (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound samples. P. aeruginosa was isolated from wound samples from hospital patients in Enugu State, Nigeria, using standard bacteriological methods. Methanolic extraction of C. odorata was carried out using Soxhlet extractor. The antimicrobial activity and in vitro interactions were evaluated using a combination of agar well diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The findings of this study showed that all the P. aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to the C. odorata methanolic crude extract at high concentrations. There was an enhancement of the potency of the methanolic crude extract when combined with low concentrations of standard antibiotics compared to its potency when tested alone. Our findings give credence to the folkloric use of C. odorata for the treatment of wounds, especially P. aeruginosa-infected wounds. There could be beneficial clinical application of the coadministration of standard antibiotics and the crude extract of C. odorata in the treatment of wound infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Phytochemical and Antibacterial Screening of Chromolaena odorata Leaf Extract

“…The methanolic extract of C. odorata was tested against bacterial isolates using the agar well diffusion method (Omeke et al, 2019). A sterile cotton bud was used to apply the bacterial suspension evenly across the Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) plate.…”

“…A chemical compound produced by this plant include isosakuranetin, subcandenin, and odaretin (Putri & Fatmawati, 2019), germacrene D (Yahya & Ramlee, 2013), caryophyllene, α-murolene and β-pinene (Alara & Abdurahman, 2019). Several studies also showed that the C. odorata leaves extract has an effect on bacterial activity by forming inhibitory zones (Odutayo et al, 2017;Omeke et al, 2019). The leaf extract used in phytochemical screening for potential biological activities, particularly antibacterial activity, can aid in studying medicinal plants for drug discovery.…”