Antibacterial Activity of Four Human Beta-Defensins: HBD-19, HBD-23, HBD-27, and HBD-29

Chow, Bryan T.; Soto, M. Álvarez Mon; Lo, Bonnie L.; Crosby, David C.; Camerini, David

doi:10.3390/polym4010747

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Compared with α-defensins, β-defensins are produced by epithelial cells in a more ubiquitous fashion. Beta-defensins have been shown to be active against a range of Gram-positive and -negative enteric pathogens such as S. aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , P. aeruginosa , E. coli , and Candida albicans ( Fusco et al., 2017 ) without causing significant toxicity to healthy host cells ( Chow et al., 2012 ). The gut microbiome also controls β-defensin secretion, although these AMP are still produced in the intestines of germ-free mice ( Putsep et al., 2000 ).…”

Section: Interactions Between Amp and The Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between gut microbiota and antimicrobial peptides

Zong

et al. 2020

Animal Nutrition

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The gut microbiota is comprised of a diverse array of microorganisms that interact with immune system and exert crucial roles for the health. Changes in the gut microbiota composition and functionality are associated with multiple diseases. As such, mobilizing a rapid and appropriate antimicrobial response depending on the nature of each stimulus is crucial for maintaining the balance between homeostasis and inflammation in the gut. Major players in this scenario are antimicrobial peptides (AMP), which belong to an ancient defense system found in all organisms and participate in a preservative co-evolution with a complex microbiome. Particularly increasing interactions between AMP and microbiota have been found in the gut. Here, we focus on the mechanisms by which AMP help to maintain a balanced microbiota and advancing our understanding of the circumstances of such balanced interactions between gut microbiota and host AMP. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the interplay of diverse antimicrobial responses with enteric pathogens and the gut microbiota, which should have therapeutic implications for different intestinal disorders.

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Section: Interactions Between Amp and The Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between gut microbiota and antimicrobial peptides

Zong

et al. 2020

Animal Nutrition

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“…hBD -19, 23, 27, and 29 are expressed in the male reproductive tract, where they protect spermatozoa from bacteria. Analysis of hBD-19, hBD-23, hBD-27, and hBD-29 against E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, revealed that hBD-23 is the most effective in inhibiting the growth of these gram-negative and positive bacteria, with very low toxicity on normal human cells [39].…”

Section: B-defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Amerikova

Tibi

Maslarska

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Bioactive compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), have increasingly been used recently to counteract the rapidly increasing incidence of bacterial resistance to usual antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. In humans, endogenous AMPs are part of the immune system and act against pathogens. Defensins compose a class of AMPs that have activity against gram-positive and-negative bacteria, viruses, and fungi. For some, antitumour activity has also been reported. Such characteristics indicate that they represent a potential new class of therapeutic agents against microorganisms, including multidrug resistant pathogens. However, pH and enzymatic degradation and variable tissue distribution of these compounds limit their clinical application. New technologies and different methods have been developed to overcome these limitations and increase their half-life, such as cyclization, lipidation, design of peptidomimetics, synthesis of hybrid peptides, and use of nanocarriers. The objective of this review was to analyse current applications of defensins as antimicrobial agents and their mechanism of action. Moreover, new technologies and methods for stabilizing defensins are discussed.

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“…The number of b-defensins in a species has been shown to highly relevant to the ever-changing microbial challenges of the environment in which that species' inhabits (Tu et al 2015). It has been well-shown that different defensin alleles have different antimicrobial activities in vitro in a range of vertebrate hosts (Meredith et al 2008;Mukherjee et al 2009;Chow et al 2012). These studies suggest that the greater the variety of AMPs encoded, the greater the ability to combat a range of bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian β-defensin variation in bottlenecked populations: the Seychelles warbler and other congeners

et al. 2016

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b-defensins are important components of the vertebrate innate immune system responsible for encoding a variety of anti-microbial peptides. Pathogen-mediated selection is thought to act on immune genes and potentially maintain allelic variation in the face of genetic drift. The Seychelles warbler, Acrocephalus sechellensis, is an endemic passerine that underwent a recent bottleneck in its last remaining population, resulting in a considerable reduction in genome-wide variation. We genotyped avian b-defensin (AvBD) genes in contemporary (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) and museum samples of the Seychelles warbler to investigate whether immunogenetic variation was lost through this bottleneck, and examined AvBD variation across four other Acrocephalus species with varying demographic histories. No variation was detected at four of the six AvBD loci screened in the post-bottleneck population of Seychelles warbler, but two silent nucleotide polymorphisms were identified at AvBD8 and one potentially functional amino-acid variation was observed at AvBD11. Variation in the Seychelles warbler was significantly lower than in the mainland migratory congeneric species investigated, but it similar to that found in other bottlenecked species. In addition, screening AvBD7 in 15 museum specimens of Seychelles warblers sampled prior to the bottleneck revealed that this locus possessed two alleles previously, compared to the single allele in the contemporary population. Overall, the results show that little AvBD variation remains in the Seychelles warbler, probably as a result of having low AvBD diversity historically rather than the loss of variation due to drift associated with past demographic history. Given the limited pathogen fauna, this lack of variation at the AvBD loci may currently not pose a problem for this isolate population of Seychelles warblers, but it may be detrimental to the species' long-term survival if new pathogens reach the population in the future.

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Antibacterial Activity of Four Human Beta-Defensins: HBD-19, HBD-23, HBD-27, and HBD-29

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Interplay between gut microbiota and antimicrobial peptides

Interplay between gut microbiota and antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Avian β-defensin variation in bottlenecked populations: the Seychelles warbler and other congeners

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