Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome against Salmonella spp.

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu ID, Widodo W, Prihartini I, Winaya A. 2019. Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome against Salmonella spp. Biodiversitas 20: 3322-3327. The study aimed at investigating the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of the Lempuyang Gajah (Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith) rhizome against Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 31194 and S. typhimurium ATCC 23564. An experimental method was employed for testing the antibacterial activity, with a completely randomized design (CRD) of factorial patterns. Factor I, ethanol concentrations which consisted of 45%; 70% and 95%, while factor II was the concentration of extracts, i.e 0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5% and 10%. The phytochemical screening results showed that the Z. zerumbet extracts with 45% and 70% ethanol, contained alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins; however, the-95%-ethanol did not result in any saponins, but flavonoids instead. Meanwhile, the chromatogram patterns of all extracts showed zerumbone is a dominant compound. Extraction of Z. zerumbet using 95% ethanol has higher antibacterial activity against S. enteritidis than S. typhimurium. The extract with 10% concentration gave the highest antibacterial activity than other concentrations. It can be concluded that the Z. zerumbet L. Smith extracts with 95% ethanol and 10% concentration has the best antibacterial activity against S. enteritidis. Whereas S. typhimurium is effectively inhibited by extracts with 45% ethanol and 7.5% extract concentration.

Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb. as Feed Additive on the Carcass and Fat Weight Percentage, Meat Nutrient, and Nutrient Digestibility of Super Kampong Chicken

“…Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb, or locally popular in Java, Indonesia as "temulawak", is high in curcumin and essential oil contents (Widodo et al, 2019;Rahayu et al, 2019aRahayu et al, , 2019b. According to Dermawaty (2015) and Lee et al (2008) (Emadi and Kermanshahi, 2007).…”

“…The extract of zerumbet by 95 % ethanol and 10 % concentration have the best antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis. Whereas, Salmonella typhimurium is effectively inhibited by extracts with 45 % ethanol and 7.5 % extract concentration (Rahayu et al, 2019b). Studying specifically a species of local poultry called "ayam kampung" (Indonesian native/local chicken -Gallus gallus domesticus Linnaeus, 1758), Widodo et al (2018) stated that adding Z. zerumbet in the feed was not significant (P > 0.05) in improving crude fiber digestibility, protein biological value, and nitrogen retention; yet, it was effective (P < 0.05) in fat digestibility.…”

“…), galangal [Alpinia galangal (L.) Wild. ], and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are some which have been studied for this purpose (Rahayu et al, 2019a(Rahayu et al, , 2019bWidodo et al, 2019). The extract of zerumbet by 95 % ethanol and 10 % concentration have the best antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis.…”

The Lempuyang Gajah [Zingiber Zerumbet (l.) Smith] Extract Supplementation in Broilers Feed to Suppress Foodborne Disease “Salmonellosis” for Consumers’ Health Safety Effort

“…The thick extract (100%) was diluted to 10% by adding a sterile aqua dest. This extract was dried in an oven at 40 o C for two days, and then a 5% starch was added to obtain a powder form [12].…”