Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oil and Fractions of Ethanolic extract of Echinops kebericho Tuber

Abstract

Background: Echinops kebericho is an endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia traditionally used for treatment of various infectious diseases through different routes of administration such as inhalation, orally chewed, and topically sprayed to affected area. This study investigated antibacterial activity of the essential oil (EO) and the different fractions of ethanolic extract of Echinops kebericho tuber.Results: MIC of EO ranged from 78.125 µg/ml – 625 µg/ml and it was most active against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA, NCTC 12493). Ethyl acetate fraction showed better activity against MRSA (NCTC 12493), MIC = 39.075 µg/ml followed by E. faecalis (ATCC 49532), MIC = 78.125 µg/ml and was least active against K. pneumonia (ATCC 700603), MIC = 1250 µg/ml. MIC of hexane fraction ranged from 156.2- µg/ml to E. faecalis (ATCC 49532) to 1250 µg/ml to E. coli (NCTC 11954). Chloroform fraction MIC ranged from 312.5 - 2500µg/ml; while butanol fraction could be considered pharmacologically inactive as its MIC value is 2500 µg/ml for all and no activity shown for E. coli (NCTC 11954). The MIC of DMSO against all strains ranged 12.5- 25 % w/v. The MIC estimated by OD measurement correlated well with that of resazurin assay method.Conclusion: Essential oil and ethyl acetate fraction showed noteworthy antibacterial activity, and MRSA was the most susceptible strain. Further study, however, should be done to investigate the effect on the isolated active component(s).

Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial properties of dehydrocostus lactone isolated from Echinops kebericho root

“…The fresh plant material was bought from Segno Gebeya, Dessie City Administration, about 400 km away from Addis Ababa, during the month of September 2021. The producer reported by Deyno et al 25 and Wondiafrash 26 were applied. The specimen was submitted to Addis Ababa University (AAU) National Herbarium of Ethiopia for identification and deposition voucher number.…”

“…The data obtained from the present study is comparable with reported data regarding the activity of crude extracts. 25 The synergic effect of phytochemicals as shown in Table 2 makes all the extracts promising and potent antibacterial agent compared with the standard chloramphenicol. In this study, the pure isolated compound DHCL showed higher activity than all the extracts as well standard.…”

Effect of dietary plants on the production of immunoglobulins A in healthy Wistar rats

“…(14) The literature has shown that the addition of turmeric, cinnamon, and okra to the diet have positive effects on variables including body mass, blood glucose, lipid profile, and the immune system, such as increased production of immunoglobulin A (IgA). (15)(16)(17) Serum IgA was first discovered in 1953 (18) and mediates a variety of protective functions through interaction..with..FcRα..receptors..on..monocytes Ruzon-Camargo, F. I. et al…”

“…Serum IgA may also play a role in controlling the immune system through its binding to proteins that inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis (e.g., α-1-antitrypsin). (19) As mentioned above, studies that assess the action of turmeric, cinnamon, and okra are generally carried out in animals with some type of disease, such as overweight and diabetes, (16) or submitted to a diet rich in fructose, or with hyperlipidemia. (6,20) However, few studies have evaluated the effects of these plants on physiological parameters in healthy animals.…”

Antibacterial Activities of Echinops kebericho Mesfin Tuber Extracts and Isolation of the Most Active Compound, Dehydrocostus Lactone

“…Part of this manuscript has been released as a pre-print at Researchsquare ( Deyno et al, 2020b ). We would like to thank Pharm-biotechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC) World Bank African center of excellence II (ACE-II) project for funding the research.…”