Antiangiogenic Activity and Pharmacogenomics of Medicinal Plants from Traditional Korean Medicine

Abstract

Aim. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic properties of 59 plants used in traditional Korean medicine. Selected phytochemicals were investigated in more detail for their modes of action. Methods. A modified chicken-chorioallantoic-membrane (CAM) assay using quail eggs was applied to test for antiangiogenic effects of plant extracts. A molecular docking in silico approached the binding of plant constituents to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1, VEGFR2). Microarray-based mRNA expression profiling was employed to correlate the 50% inhibition concentrations (IC50) of a panel of 60 NCI cell lines to these phytochemicals. Results. Extracts from Acer mono leaves, Reynoutria sachalniensis fruits, Cinnamomum japonicum stems, Eurya japonica leaves, Adenophora racemosa whole plant, Caryopteris incana leaves-stems, and Schisandra chinensis stems inhibited angiogenesis more than 50% in quail eggs. Selected phytochemicals from Korean plants were analyzed in more detail using microarray-based mRNA expression profiles and molecular docking to VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. These results indicate multifactorial modes of action of these natural products. Conclusion. The antiangiogenic activity of plants used in traditional Korean medicine implicates their possible application for diseases where inhibition of blood vessel formation is desired, for example, cancer, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and others.

Pharmacological properties and their medicinal uses of Cinnamomum: a review

“…[276] Hydrocarbons: d-d-Cadinene; l-copaene; ecadinene. [276] Terpenes: 1,8-Cineole; camphene; camphor; cislinalool oxide; citronellol; d-cis-yabunikkeol; geraniol; l-caryophyllene; l-linalool; l-trans-yabunikkeol; l-⍺phellandrene; l-⍺-terpineol; limonene; nerol; pcymene; terpinen-4-ol; trans-linalool oxide; belemene; b-myrcene; b-pinene; ⍺-cadinol; ⍺humulene; ⍺-pinene [276] Antiangiogenic, [277] anticancer, [278] antimicrobial, [279] antioxidant, [280] antiplatelet aggregation [281] Anaemia, [282] arthralgia, [282] gastrointestinal pain, [282] lochia, [282] lumbago, [282] respiratory tract problems [90] Twig Enzyme: l-Kaurene [276] Hydrocarbons: d-d-Cadinene; l-copaene; ecadinene. [276] Others: 3-Hexen-1-ol; calamenene; elemol; eugenol; lcarvone; methyl eugenol; safrole; undefined ketone; unidentified alcohol; unidentified sesquiterpene hydrocarbon(SHC); b-calacorene; ⍺-calacorene; ⍺terpinyl acetate.…”

Antiangiogenic compounds: well-established drugs versus emerging natural molecules

“…Phytochemicals have thus demonstrated positive effects in health, especially in cancer prevention [118]. Thereby, secondary plant metabolites have been considered as potential candidates for inhibition of pathological angiogenesis [47,119,120]. In some situations, in order to increase the benefits/properties of plants, extractions are conducted.…”

Natural phenolic metabolites with anti-angiogenic properties – a review from the chemical point of view

“…In a number of early studies [ 93 – 94 ], quercetin showed a strong ability to inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Quercetin suppresses angiogenesis through multiple mechanisms such as inhibition of COX-2 and lipoxygenase (LOX)-5, interference with the EGF receptor, the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) intracellular signaling pathway, and the NF-κB nuclear transcription protein [ 7 – 8 ]. Chen et al [ 95 ] reported that quercetin inhibited the proliferation of choroids retina endothelial cells and the migration and tube formation of RA/6A cells were also significantly inhibited by quercetin in a dose-dependent manner.…”

“…Secondary natural metabolites have also been identified as attractive candidates for the therapy of pathologically-induced angiogenesis [ 7 – 8 ]. Among such natural products, phenolic or polyphenolic compounds with anti-angiogenic properties have been investigated and the opinion regarding their potential pharmacological impact has changed over the years.…”

“…Furthermore, polyphenols are found in high concentrations in many fruits and vegetables, resulting in a continuous and long-term intake of such plant phenols. Consequently, their beneficial and protective impact on unbalanced angiogenic processes has been intensively discussed [ 7 – 8 ].…”