Anti-tumor effect of schizophyllan, an immunomodulator, on syngeneic tumors

Mitani, Masamitsu; Ariga, Takamitsu; Matsuo, Takemitsu; Asano, Takeshi; Saito, Gosaku

doi:10.1016/0192-0561(80)90089-2

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Soluble chitosan acceptors with reactive groups only at C-6 are necessary for efficient glycosylation, and such a derivative was prepared by a series of modification reactions starting from chitosan according to Scheme 1. Fully deacetylated chitosan (1) was first phthaloylated to give N-phthaloyl-chitosan (2). Phthaloylation often takes place at hydroxy groups to some extent in addition to the amino groups, depending on the reaction conditions, as pointed out by Gross et al 12 O-Phthaloyl groups were, however, replaced by the trityl groups in the subsequent tritylation to give 2-N-phthaloyl-6-Otrityl-chitosan (3), as confirmed by the elemental analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Branched polysaccharides are found in nature and some are attracting increasingly more attention because of their unique biological activities and physicochemical properties. Branched glucans, such as lentinan 1 and schizophyllan 2 extracted from mushrooms, exhibit high antitumor activities and are used clinically. To shed light on the structure-properties relationship of branched polysaccharides and thereby to enable sophisticated molecular design, it is necessary to establish versatile procedures for preparing various tailored polysaccharides with sugar branches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonnatural Branched Polysaccharides: Synthesis and Properties of Chitin and Chitosan Having α-Mannoside Branches

et al. 1998

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Regioselective introduction of alpha-mannoside branches at C-6 of chitin and chitosan has been accomplished by a series of regioselective modification reactions starting from N-phthaloyl-chitosan as a key precursor. Glycosylation of the derived acceptor with reactive groups only at C-6 with an ortho ester of d-mannose proceeded smoothly in dichloromethane in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the degree of branching was up to 0.6. Full deprotection gave chitosans with alpha-mannoside branches, which were subsequently transformed into the corresponding branched chitins by N-acetylation. The resulting branched polysaccharides showed a remarkable solubility in neutral water in sharp contrast to the insoluble linear chitin and chitosan. Concanavalin A exhibited a specific affinity for these products, which was ascribable to the presence of alpha-mannoside groups. Though nonnatural, the branched chitins were susceptible to lysozyme, and the enzymatic degradation was heavily dependent on the extent of branching. Furthermore, the branched chitosan exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonnatural Branched Polysaccharides: Synthesis and Properties of Chitin and Chitosan Having α-Mannoside Branches

et al. 1998

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“…Of the 127 Stage I11 patients, 17 had Stage IIla cancer, 8 were from the SPG group and 9 from the control group. Of the 127 Stage I11 patients, 17 had Stage IIla cancer, 8 were from the SPG group and 9 from the control group.…”

Section: Cervical Cancer Stage According To Fig0 Classijicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 The T-cell adjuvant activity of SPG has also been reported. In the case of cervical cancer, there are few reports of immunotherapies conducted in a well-designed, randomized, controlled study in which survival time and/or the time to recurrence is compared.…”

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confidence: 96%

Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan combined with irradiation in patients with cervical cancer: A randomized controlled study

Okamura

Suzuki

Yajima

et al. 1986

Cancer

112

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To evaluate the clinical effects of the anti-tumor polysaccharide Schizophyllan (SPG), a randomized study was done on 220 patients with Stage II or Stage III cervical cancer who had been given irradiation, concomitantly. The tumor-reducing effect of SPG was significant in patients in either stage. The time to recurrence was longer in SPG-dosed patients with Stage II cancer, compared with findings in the control group. There was no significant difference in the time to recurrence in patients with Stage III cancer between the SPG and control groups. When comparing the 48-month survival curve, the survival time of patients with Stage II cancer in the SPG group was significantly longer than in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the survival rate of patients with Stage III cancer between the SPG-dosed and control groups.

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“…1) [14], which displäys antitumor activity by enhancing host immune responses [7,11,16,21], i.e., it is a biological response modifier (BRM). We have reported the immunity-enhancing activity of sizofiran mainly with respect to NK activity in murine splenic cells [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a glucan, sizofiran, on natural-killer activity of 5-fluorouracil-treated murine bone marrow cells

Tsuchiya

Matsutani

Inoue

et al. 1991

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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The number of bone marrow cells in C3H/He mice was reduced 3-4 days after treatment with 130 mg/kg intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Higher rates of spontaneous proliferation and natural killer (NK) activity, accompanied by an increase in asialoGM1-positive cells, were observed in treated mice. When sizofiran at a dose of 200 micrograms/animal was intramuscularly injected after 5-FU treatment, the rates of proliferation and NK activity of bone marrow cells were higher than with 5-FU alone. The cell number was not influenced by sizofiran alone. These results indicate that all precursors of the various mature cell types (including NK cells) differentiate and regenerate rapidly to replace cells damaged by 5-FU treatment, and that sizofiran has the potential to assist this recovery. These results suggest that administration of sizofiran after chemotherapy may be useful in cancer patients.

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Anti-tumor effect of schizophyllan, an immunomodulator, on syngeneic tumors

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Nonnatural Branched Polysaccharides: Synthesis and Properties of Chitin and Chitosan Having α-Mannoside Branches

Nonnatural Branched Polysaccharides: Synthesis and Properties of Chitin and Chitosan Having α-Mannoside Branches

Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan combined with irradiation in patients with cervical cancer: A randomized controlled study

Effect of a glucan, sizofiran, on natural-killer activity of 5-fluorouracil-treated murine bone marrow cells

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