Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women and their newborn infants in the region of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

The results showed that 2% of the pregnant women were at risk of T. gondii transmission during the gestational period. These data seem to reflect the real situation of gestational toxoplasmosis in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo.

Is congenital toxoplasmosis still an important clinical problem?

“…Once food or water is contaminated with the oocysts, it becomes a potential source of infection whenever it is consumed by humans and other mammals. Raw meat or unpasteurized milk of an infected animal is another common route to acquire T. gondii infection [1,2,6]. Additionally, in pregnancy, maternal infection poses a high risk of a vertical transmission through the placenta leading to a spectrum of potential complications [6,10].…”

“…Toxoplasmosis is a wide-spreading infection caused by an obligate intracellular parasite called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) [1]. People usually become infected by two main routes: foodborne (eating raw or undercooked meat, especially lamb or pork, drinking non-pasteurized milk) or zoonotic (ingestion of oocytes from infected cat's faeces: accidentally while cleaning a cat's litter box, eating unwashed vegetables or fruits growing in contaminated soil, drinking contaminated water.…”

Plantas lenhosas da Floresta Ombrófila Mista do Parque Municipal das Araucárias – Guarapuava (PR)

“…São espécies encontradas em remanescentes localizados em diversos ambientes, sujeitos a diferentes condições geológicas, geomorfológicas e pedológicas, ao longo dos três planaltos paranaenses. A maioria dessas espécies integra as paisagens da FOM sendo citadas no rol florístico de estudos clássicos como Mattos (1972), Klein (1960), Reitz e Klein (1966) e Maack (1981.…”

Woody species a remnant of Mixed Ombrophylous Forest in the Mid-South and floristic analysis of forest areas in Parana, Brazil

“…(KLEIN, 1960;MAACK, 1981;LEITE, 1995). Contudo, não foi registrada na área Podocarpus lambertii, citada como espécie comum aos ambientes de FOM segundo Mattos (1972) e Roderjan et al(2002).…”

“…A s e s p é c i e s C a m p o m a n e s i a xanthocar pa, Eugenia uniflora, I l e x paraguariensis e Ocotea porosa citadas por Klein (1960), Mattos (1972), Veloso (1991) Maack (1981), Veloso (1991), Leite (1995) e Roderjan et al(2002) como espécies peculiares, ou seja, que possuem frequência regular no subosque das florestas com araucária.…”