Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Quassinoids from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.

Abstract

Two new quassinoids, javanicolide E (1) and javanicolide F (2), along with fifteen known C-20 quassinoids were isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. The antitobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of these quassinoids was screened by the conventional half-leaf and leaf-disk method along with Western blot analysis. All of the seventeen quassinoids showed potent anti-TMV activity. Among them, eight compounds, brusatol (3), bruceine B (4), bruceoside B (5), yadanzioside I (6), yadanzioside L (7), bruceine D (8), yadanziolide A (9), and aglycone of yadanziolide D (17), showed strong antiviral activities, with IC(50) values in the range of 3.42-5.66 microM, and were much more effective than the positive control, ningnanmycin (IC(50) = 117.3 microM). The antiviral structure-activity relationships of quassinoids against TMV were also discussed.

Induction of systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus by Ningnanmycin in tobacco

“…Although some studies have demonstrated that NNM has the good anti-TMV bioactivity [13,14] and enhanced the some resistance enzymes activity in tobacco [15], the mechanism involved in this antiviral activity has not been well understood. In the current study, this knowledge provides further insight into this expanding area on the mechanism of NNM against the plant virus.…”

“…It is a pollution-free microbial pesticide characterized by broad spectrum, high-efficiency, low toxicity and lesspersistent and enhances resistance in host plants by destruction of CP [11]. It have also been shown that NNM generally exhibits antimicrobial activity against TMV [12][13][14] and promotes PAL, POD and SOD activity which results in the markedly enhancement of plant resistance against TMV [15]. However, the antiviral activity of NNM and the underlying mechanisms in plant resistance are not well understood.…”

Chemical Outbreak for Tobacco Mosaic Virus Control

“…On the other hand, the half-leaf method has been commonly used to assay the inactivation activity of chemicals in NNM comparisons (Chen et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2010). Almost all the literature on TMV control included in this review reports on how the half-leaf method can be applied.…”

Phenolic Compounds from Arundina graminifolia and Their Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus Activity

“…The Anti TMV activity was tested using the half-leaf method. 13 The inhibitory activity of the compounds against TMV replication were tested using two approaches. First, the half-leaf method was used to test the antiviral activity in the local lesion host Nicotiana glutinosa in vivo.…”