Anti-staphylococcal activity of Syagrus coronata essential oil: Biofilm eradication and in vivo action on Galleria mellonela infection model

Abstract

In this study, essential oil extracted from Syagrus coronata seeds (SCEO) was evaluated for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus; in addition, Galleria mellonella model was used as an in vivo infection model. SCEO was mainly composed by fatty acids (89.79%) and sesquiterpenes (8.5%). The major components were octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, decanoic acid and γ-eudesmol. SCEO showed bactericidal activity (minimal bactericidal concentration from 312 to 1250 µg/mL) against all tested S. aureus clinical isolates, which showed distinct biofilm-forming and multiple drug resistance phenotypes. SCEO weakly reduced biomass but remarkably decreased cell viability in pre-formed biofilms of S. aureus isolate UFPEDA-02 (ATCC-6538). Electron microscopy analysis showed that SCEO treatments decreased the number of bacterial cells (causing structural alterations) and lead to loss of the roughness in the multiple layers of the three-dimensional biofilm structure. In addition, overproduction of exopolymeric matrix was observed. SCEO at 31.2 mg/kg improved the survival of G. mellonela larvae inoculated with UFPEDA-02 isolate and reduced the bacterial load in hemolymph and melanization. In conclusion, SCEO is an antibacterial agent against S. aureus strains with different resistance phenotypes and able to disturb biofilm architecture. Our results show SCEO as a potential candidate to drug development.

Biological Potential of Products Obtained from Palm Trees of the Genus Syagrus

“…In the study conducted by Santos et al [31], anti-S. aureus activity was also evaluated from the essential oil of S. coronata seeds, and similar results were observed for both S. aureus UFPEDA 02 strain, and multidrug-resistant S. aureus clinical isolates (Table 1). In this same study, an in vivo experiment with Galleria mellonema was performed, and it was observed that the treatment with essential oil of S. coronata in infected larvae increased the survival rate of the larvae by 60%.…”

“…In the study of Santos [31], with the essential oil of S. coronata rich in dodecanoic acid, it was evaluated the activity of this oil against the biofilm of S. aureus UFPEDA 02. As a result, a significant reduction in the matrix was observed of biofilm only at concentrations of 312 and 624 μg/mL; however, the viability of biofilm cells was significantly reduced at all concentrations tested, showing a reduction greater than 50% in the concentration of 156 μg/mL and a reduction of almost 100% at concentrations of 624 and 1248 μg/mL.…”

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action of Eugenia brejoensis Essential Oil in vitro and in vivo Invertebrate Models

“…Due the high chemical diversity exhibited by EOs, they have been pointed out as interesting source of lead molecules for development of alternative antimicrobial therapies (Rubini et al, 2018;Espinoza et al, 2019;Souza Dos Santos et al, 2019). These studies have encouraged the search of new EOs from unexploited plants, and one current example is E. brejoensis a plant recently described in Brazil (Mazine and Souza, 2008;Giaretta and Peixoto, 2014).…”

Bioguided Purification of Active Compounds from Leaves of Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul

“…The antimicrobial assay was performed with Staphylococcus aureus UFPEDA 02 (=ATCC 6538) and S. aureus UFPEDA 705, both provided by the Culture Collection of the Department of Antibiotics from Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPEDA). S. aureus UFPEDA 705 is a methicillin-resistant isolate (Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) obtained from surgical wound, and resistant to diverse antibiotics, including drugs from the beta-lactam group (e.g., ampicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefepime, and cefuroxime), nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, and gentamicin [27].…”