Anti–SARS‐CoV‐2 Repurposing Drug Database: Clinical Pharmacology Considerations

Zhang, Xinyuan; Yang, Yuching; Grimstein, Manuela; Liu, Guansheng; Kitabi, Eliford; Fan, Jianghong; Wang, Yinghong; Earp, Justin; Weaver, James L.; Zhu, Hao; Liu, Jiang; Reynolds, Kellie S.; Huang, Shiew‐Mei; Wang, Yaning

doi:10.1002/psp4.12681

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…3 ). Continuous in vivo drug concentrations exceeding the EC 90 are generally considered to be the minimum to achieve antiviral efficacy 77 , and higher trough concentrations might be desirable for second-generation antivirals once better understanding of resistance is established. Fourth, consideration of narrower patient cohorts and a willingness to monitor potential drug–drug interactions.…”

Section: Medicinal Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating antiviral drug discovery: lessons from COVID-19

Delft

Hall

Kwong³

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Drug Discov

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During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a wave of rapid and collaborative drug discovery efforts took place in academia and industry, culminating in several therapeutics being discovered, approved and deployed in a 2-year time frame. This article summarizes the collective experience of several pharmaceutical companies and academic collaborations that were active in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antiviral discovery. We outline our opinions and experiences on key stages in the small-molecule drug discovery process: target selection, medicinal chemistry, antiviral assays, animal efficacy and attempts to pre-empt resistance. We propose strategies that could accelerate future efforts and argue that a key bottleneck is the lack of quality chemical probes around understudied viral targets, which would serve as a starting point for drug discovery. Considering the small size of the viral proteome, comprehensively building an arsenal of probes for proteins in viruses of pandemic concern is a worthwhile and tractable challenge for the community.

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Section: Medicinal Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating antiviral drug discovery: lessons from COVID-19

Delft

Hall

Kwong³

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Drug Discov

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“…If, before vaccination and up to the spread of the omicron variant, the medical need was urgent, nowadays clinicians are more cautious in prescribing unapproved drugs for COVID- 19. A database has also been developed (10) containing all the available in in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and in vivo pharmacokinetic data to facilitate the extrapolation from in vitro antiviral activity to potential in vivo antiviral activity for choosing drugs that could be useful in saving lives. The main problem concerning repurposed, or any other drug treatment for COVID-19 is the need for mechanical ventilation or high flux, as the availability of resources and the real severity of the patient respiratory function greatly influence the efficacy of the therapy.…”

Section: Repurposed Drugs For the Control Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION: FROM DRUG REPOSITIONING FOR COVID-19 TREATMENT TO DISEASE ARREST/PREVENTION WITH MoAbs AND NOVEL ANTIVIRALS

Bergamo¹,

Bitto²,

Grolla³

et al. 2022

Pharm Adv

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COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the major emergencies that have affected health care systems and society in recent decades. At the end of winter 2021-2022, the number of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and especially those suffering from severe COVID-19 is decreasing in Europe. This is due to the protective effect of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the increasing number of people who had COVID-19, thus developing a certain immunity. However, vaccines to prevent the disease did not appear until more than one year after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, so the initial medical approaches to control the disease focused on the existing drugs that were considered suitable for controlling the pathological events caused by the virus as far as was known at the time. Unfortunately, due in part to the limited initial knowledge of the molecular details of the pathology of COVID-19, many of the proposed drugs fell short of expectations and were abandoned. Over time, the challenge of understanding the mechanisms behind COVID-19 has generated a large body of knowledge about how this beta-coronavirus gains control of the host during infection, a knowledge that has been used to redefine treatment strategies by repurposing existing drugs and to explore new drugs. Here, we draw a picture of the major strategies and groups of drugs studied and provide a critical overview of their efficacy and safety based on the available literature data. The main topics covered are repurposed drugs, anticoagulants, anti-cytokine agents, monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and small antiviral molecules. Impact statementThe impact of the review is to collect together successes and failures in the use of drugs to treat COVID-19, the reasons for the repositioned drugs and the corresponding responses of the relevant clinical trials as well as the responses to new monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs.

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“… 1 Finding therapies for COVID-19 has taken a significant amount of time and effort. 2 But besides advancements in technology and increased understanding of human related illness, therapeutic developments have become much slower than anticipated. Drug discovery can take decades and is complex and expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Molnupiravir as a new opportunity to treat COVID-19

Paruchuri¹,

Yetukuri²,

Nadendla³

2022

Journal of Generic Medicines

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With the emergence of new and re-emerging viral diseases, scientists have been working to produce new medications with novel targets and pathways. The discovery of safe and efficacious antiviral medicines is critical due to the constant introduction of new virus types and short lifetime of protection. Since the outbreak, there have been significant efforts to repurpose existing and licensed medications for rapid human testing and possible emergency use authorizations. The exploration of surviving medications for new restorative motives is known as drug repurposing. It is a successful, rapid, and highly reliable alternative to traditional drug methods. COVID-19 is being treated using a number of repurposed and new medicines. Molnupiravir is a repurposed Covid-19 medicine that was specifically developed to cure influenza and is used to treat mild to moderately ill Covid-19 patients with high risk of becoming seriously ill. The importance of medication repurposing, as well as the regulatory procedure for repurposed pharmaceuticals and Emergency Use Authorization in the United States, are summarized in this article.

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Anti–SARS‐CoV‐2 Repurposing Drug Database: Clinical Pharmacology Considerations

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Accelerating antiviral drug discovery: lessons from COVID-19

Accelerating antiviral drug discovery: lessons from COVID-19

PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION: FROM DRUG REPOSITIONING FOR COVID-19 TREATMENT TO DISEASE ARREST/PREVENTION WITH MoAbs AND NOVEL ANTIVIRALS

Repurposing Molnupiravir as a new opportunity to treat COVID-19

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