Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk during lactation after infection or vaccination: A cohort study

Olearo, Flaminia; Radmanesh, Laura-Sophie; Felber, Nadine; Possel, Ronald von; Emmerich, Petra; Pekarek, Neele; Pfefferle, Susanne; Nörz, Dominik; Hansen, Gudula; Diemert, Anke; Aepfelbacher, Martin; Hecher, Kurt; Lütgehetmann, Marc; Arck, Petra C.; Tallarek, Ann‐Christin

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2022.103685

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding was also described by Olearo et al, who compared infected lactating women who were vaccinated and not vaccinated. The transfer of antibodies to breast milk was significantly higher in women who recovered from COVID-19 and were vaccinated during lactation versus recovered unvaccinated women [ 44 ]. Even though the efficacy of passive immunity for the COVID-19 vaccine has been proven, it is weaker than passive immunity induced by other classical vaccines, such as the flu and whooping cough [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Novillo

Martínez-Varea

2022

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pregnant and breastfeeding women received unclear recommendations regarding COVID-19 vaccination at the beginning of the pandemic, as they were not included in the initial clinical trials. This systematic review aims to provide an update regarding COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Methods: The systematic review was carried out through a literature search in Medline/Pubmed. Studies were selected if they included information regarding COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Results: A total of 33 studies were included. The main adverse effect is pain at the injection site, as in the general population. Adverse effects are more frequent after the second dose, being slightly more frequent after the Moderna vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination reduces the risk of severe COVID-19 in pregnant women. Additionally, COVID-19 vaccination induces artificial active immunogenicity in the mother and natural passive immunogenicity in the child. Breastmilk straddles both immediate antibody-mediated and long-lived cellular-mediated immune protection. Regarding neonatal benefits, vaccination is associated with a larger and more stable Immunoglobulin G response, while COVID-19 Infection is associated with a rapid and long-lasting Immunoglobulin A response. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccines are not only suggested but strongly recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding populations to protect mothers and newborns.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Novillo

Martínez-Varea

2022

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lamers et al [ 41 ] in an observational study reported that after vaccination the milk supply was low. Some studies also observed that booster vaccination can help protect the mother and newborn [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussion (Table 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of breastfeeding during COVID-19 and baby friendly protocols adopted at a maternity health center in the northern Emirates of UAE: a comprehensive review

Ahmad,

Qureshi,

Odeh

et al. 2024

J Health Popul Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has caused worldwide panic in the global population taking people's lives, creating fear, and affecting mother–child relationships. Many questions were raised on the dangers of being infected with COVID-19 for newborns and safety concerns during feeding by COVID-19-positive mothers. Moreover, questions and doubts about the safety of the administration of vaccinations for nursing mothers are still open. This review attempts to fill the existing literature gap by exploring concepts concerning COVID-19 and breastfeeding mothers, the safety of vaccinations, the beneficial effects of breastfeeding on both mother and child, important hygiene recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers, and possible solutions to optimize breastfeeding and safety precautions amidst the fear of emergence of novel variants. Methods All relevant publications from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search engines from December 2019 to October 2022 related to SARS-CoV-2, breastfeeding, COVID-19, lactating guidelines, and vaccination were included using ‘Breastfeeding AND vaccine AND SARS-CoV-2’ as MESH TERMS. Apart from the literature review, existing maternity protocols followed in Northern UAE were gathered from lactation consultants practicing in the UAE. Results Out of 19,391 records generated, only 24 studies were analyzed and summarized in this exhaustive review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow chart. Previous studies suggest that breastmilk is predominantly the primary source of nutrition for neonates. Breast milk is a rich source of antibodies that help the baby to fight against infections including other benefits. Hygiene recommendations for suspected or confirmed COVID-19-infected mothers are required along with psychological and emotional support. Conclusions The administration of vaccinations should be advised and encouraged to protect the mothers with antibodies and the neonates by the passive transmission of antibodies through breast milk. This is a significant reason for not stopping breastfeeding even in case of COVID-19 infection. With adherence to proper hygiene methods, breastfeeding is recommended to be continued as the benefits greatly outweigh the risks.

show abstract

“…Fourth, the analysis did not collect information on maternal characteristics and protective behaviors, which are potential uncontrolled confounders. Fifth, maternal breastfeeding, which can confer maternal COVID-19 antibodies to the infant ( 9 ), could not be assessed because of the high proportion of missing interview responses. Finally, information on maternal vaccination status and infant race and ethnicity was collected via self-report for a few participants, potentially resulting in differential misclassification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Maternal mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy Against COVID-19–Associated Hospitalizations in Infants Aged <6 Months During SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Predominance — 20 States, March 9, 2022–May 31, 2023

Simeone,

Zambrano,

Halasa

et al. 2023

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk during lactation after infection or vaccination: A cohort study

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Challenges of breastfeeding during COVID-19 and baby friendly protocols adopted at a maternity health center in the northern Emirates of UAE: a comprehensive review

Effectiveness of Maternal mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy Against COVID-19–Associated Hospitalizations in Infants Aged <6 Months During SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Predominance — 20 States, March 9, 2022–May 31, 2023

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About