COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Novillo, Blanca; Martínez-Varea, Alicia

doi:10.3390/jpm13010040

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A recent study stated that when the pre-alpha strain was predominant in Spain, all pregnant patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in their cohort were unvaccinated, the rate of hospital admission was 6.6%, and progression to severe COVID-19 disease was 2.2% [ 29 ]. Several studies revealed that COVID-19 vaccination should be strongly recommended to pregnant women to decrease the risk of severe COVID-19 [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy Requiring ECMO: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Diago-Muñoz

Martínez-Varea

Pérez-Sancho

et al. 2023

JPM

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The risk of developing severe COVID-19 that requires admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive ventilation is increased in pregnant women. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been successfully used to manage critical pregnant and peripartum patients. Case Report: A 40-year-old patient, unvaccinated for COVID-19, presented to a tertiary hospital in January 2021 at 23 weeks of gestation due to respiratory distress, cough, and fever. The patient had a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 with a PCR test in a private center 48 hours before. She required admission into the ICU due to respiratory failure. High-flow nasal oxygen therapy, intermittent noninvasive mechanical ventilation (BiPAP), mechanical ventilation, prone positioning, and nitric oxide therapy were administered. Additionally, hypoxemic respiratory failure was diagnosed. Thus, circulatory assistance using ECMO with venovenous access was performed. After 33 days of ICU admission, the patient was transferred to the internal medicine department. She was discharged 45 days after hospital admission. At 37 weeks of gestation, the patient presented active labor and underwent an uneventful vaginal delivery. Conclusions: Severe COVID-19 in pregnancy may lead to the requirement for ECMO administration. This therapy should be administered in specialized hospitals using a multidisciplinary approach. COVID-19 vaccination should be strongly recommended to pregnant women to decrease the risk of severe COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy Requiring ECMO: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Diago-Muñoz

Martínez-Varea

Pérez-Sancho

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…The binding of the virus to ACE2 receptors reduces their dynamics on alveolar epithelial cells and activates the host’s adaptive immune response. Many inflammatory markers (mainly interleukin IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, and interferon γ) are released, which disrupt the integrity of endothelial cells and thus hinder the vesicular-capillary barrier, often causing severe hypoxemia [ 7 , 26 ]. It seems that immune system adaptations during pregnancy may affect the response profile after vaccination against COVID-19.…”

Section: Covid-19 During Pregnancy and Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pregnant women are not given “live” vaccines [ 8 , 45 ]. Table 2 presents vaccinations recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding women, taking into account local recommendations [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 26 ].…”

Section: Recommendations For Vaccination Of Pregnant Women – Prioriti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In March 2023, the WHO published new recommendations for the implementation of national COVID-19 vaccination programs in the context of the dominance of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its sub-variants and increasing population immunity. They also take into account recommendations for vaccination of pregnant women [ 8 , 26 ].…”

Section: Vaccinations Against Covid-19 Including Against Omicron Vari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the high percentage of seropositive people in the population. Less frequently, illnesses requiring hospitalization and fatal outcomes are observed, as well as complications in the form of long-term COVID-19 [ 8 , 26 , 53 ]. The greatest risk of infection and more severe infection concerns pregnant women aged ≥35 years, with a high BMI, with hypertension or gestational diabetes.…”

Section: Vaccinations Against Covid-19 Including Against Omicron Vari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron Variant

Bednarek,

Laskowska

2024

Med Sci Monit

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Vaccinations are an essential element of public health programs around the world, which have a major impact on morbidity, mortality, and costs of the health care system. In recent years, with a better understanding of the effectiveness and safety of vaccinations, many recommendations have been developed for administering vaccines to adults. Countless physiological changes occur during pregnancy, including those affecting the immune system. Pregnant women are at increased risk of developing infections and resulting complications. According to research, vaccines are immunogenic and safe for pregnant women. Pregnancy is not an absolute contraindication to vaccination. After administration of vaccines to pregnant women, the concentration of antibodies increases, which can be transferred to the child in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and provide protection in the first months of life. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) , guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) unanimously recommend vaccination of pregnant women if a safe vaccine is available and there is a risk of exposure of the woman to a disease that threatens herself or her developing baby. In everyday clinical practice, medical professionals should provide their patients with the necessary information on vaccinations, which may contribute to greater awareness and implementation of vaccinations. This article aims to review current global recommendations for the vaccination of pregnant and breastfeeding women, including against the Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.

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Effect of COVID-19 on Pregnancy and Neonate’s Vital Parameters: A Systematic Review

Charuta,

Smuniewska,

Woźniak

et al. 2023

Journal of Pregnancy

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Background. COVID-19 is a new pandemic, which was declared by the World Health Organization in 2019 as a threat to public health. According to numerous reports, it can have negative consequences for pregnant women, labour, and neonates born to infected mothers. The aim of this paper was to gather the evidence and to present a summary of the results of studies concerning COVID-19 in pregnant women and their neonates. Methods. Articles from prestigious journals covering the period from 2020 to February 2023, relevant review papers, and original research articles from PubMed were analysed. In order to analyse the available research literature, the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used, in which the search for articles was conducted using terms (“pregnancy,” “coronavirus,” “SARS-CoV-2,” and “newborn”) and using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines for clinical trials. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (2022–2023) on symptoms, neonatal course, and risk of COVID-19 infection have been summarized. Summary of meta-analyses and systematic reviews (2022–2023) on the effect and adverse reaction of the COVID-19 vaccination is presented. Results. As a result of the research conducted, it was confirmed that in most pregnant women, no serious signs of the infection were observed, although isolated cases of death related to COVID-19 in pregnant women were reported. Several authors called attention to the more severe course of the infection in pregnant women with obesity. It seemed that no vertical transmission from mother to child was occurring. Nevertheless, the information was not clinching. The condition of the neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 was in most cases described as normal; however, some papers reported deaths of infected neonates. Conclusions. Due to insufficient data, further research is necessary. Further studies and follow-up are recommended, which would make possible an assessment of remote effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and vital parameters of the newborn.

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COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Severe COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy Requiring ECMO: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Severe COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy Requiring ECMO: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron Variant

Effect of COVID-19 on Pregnancy and Neonate’s Vital Parameters: A Systematic Review

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