Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen-rich water alleviate ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice

Abstract

AIMTo investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) treatment on prevention of ethanol (EtOH)-induced early fatty liver in mice.METHODSIn vitro reduction of hydrogen peroxide by HRW was determined with a chemiluminescence system. Female mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, EtOH, EtOH + silymarin, EtOH + HRW and EtOH + silymarin + HRW. Each group was fed a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing EtOH or isocaloric maltose dextrin (control diet). Silymarin was used as a positive control to compare HRW efficacy against chronic EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity. HRW was freshly prepared and given at a dosage of 1.2 mL/mouse trice daily. Blood and liver tissue were collected after chronic-binge liquid-diet feeding for 12 wk.RESULTSThe in vitro study showed that HRW directly scavenged hydrogen peroxide. The in vivo study showed that HRW increased expression of acyl ghrelin, which was correlated with food intake. HRW treatment significantly reduced EtOH-induced increases in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerol and total cholesterol levels, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. HRW attenuated malondialdehyde level, restored glutathione depletion and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in the liver. Moreover, HRW reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels but increased IL-10 and IL-22 levels.CONCLUSIONHRW protects against chronic EtOH-induced liver injury, possibly by inducing acyl ghrelin to suppress the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and induce IL-10 and IL-22, thus activating antioxidant enzymes against oxidative stress.

Effects of long-term hydrogen intervention on the physiological function of rats

“…Molecular hydrogen has been shown to have a protective role in liver function in liver disease, as evidenced by the decreased ALT, AST or TBA levels 17 – 19 in serum. The decline in these parameters were also observed in our study, although ALT was not significantly altered in HRW group.…”

Electrochemically Reduced Water Delays Mammary Tumors Growth in Mice and Inhibits Breast Cancer Cells Survival In Vitro

“…This is the first time that an in vivo mouse model (BALB- neu T) is used to show the direct effects of ERW on cancer. Previous in vivo studies with ERW focused on other factors: nephroprotective effect of ERW against cisplatin-induced kidney toxicity and oxidative damage in mice [ 42 ] and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen-rich water in alleviating ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice [ 67 ]. Our in vivo study showed that BALB- neu T mice that drank ERW delayed the development of tumors compared to the control.…”

Polydatin Protects Rat Liver against Ethanol‐Induced Injury: Involvement of CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 and TLR4/NF‐κB p65 Pathway

“…Interestingly, the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in ethanol-induced liver damage has been discussed by multiple studies [ 64 – 66 ]. Oxidative stress can trigger the expressions of proinflammatory proteins to facilitate inflammatory responses, of which NF- κ B activation is involved [ 67 – 72 ].…”