Electrochemically Reduced Water Delays Mammary Tumors Growth in Mice and Inhibits Breast Cancer Cells Survival In Vitro

Abstract

Electrochemical reduced water (ERW) has been proposed to have beneficial effects on human health due to its rich content of H2 and the presence of platinum nanoparticles with antioxidant effects. Many studies have demonstrated that ERW scavenging properties are able to reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress in different experimental models. Although few in vivo studies have been reported, it has been demonstrated that ERW may display anticancer effects by induction of tumor cells apoptosis and reduction of both angiogenesis and inflammation. In this study, we show that ERW treatment of MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and mouse (TUBO) breast cancer cells inhibited cell survival in a time-dependent fashion. ERW decreased ErbB2/neu expression and impaired pERK1/ERK2 and AKT phosphorylation in breast cancer cells. In addition, ERW treatment induced apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines independently of the status of p53 and ER and PR receptors. Our in vivo results showed that ERW treatment of transgenic BALB-neuT mice delayed the development of mammary tumors compared to the control. In addition, ERW induced a significant prolongation of tumor-free survival and a reduction in tumor multiplicity. Overall, these results suggest a potential beneficial role of ERW in inhibiting cancer cells growth.

Molecular Hydrogen Enhances Proliferation of Cancer Cells That Exhibit Potent Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response

“…Although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, hydrogen may suppress cancer by activating cancer immunity or by enhancing the survival of cancer-invaded tissues. In contrast to our studies, a higher concentration and a longer duration of hydrogen suppressed the growth of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and TUBO) [ 66 ] and induced apoptosis in the A549 lung cancer cell line [ 67 , 68 , 69 ], which was a responder in our studies. Although publication bias should exist, the lack of statistically significant effects of hydrogen on cancer in mouse models has also been reported [ 58 , 70 ].…”

Proteasome inhibition by bortezomib parallels a reduction in head and neck cancer cells growth, and an increase in tumor-infiltrating immune cells

“…Founder male BALB- neu T mice were kindly provided by Prof. G. Forni and Prof. F. Cavallo (University of Torino, Italy) 103 . Progenies were confirmed for the presence of the transgene by PCR 104 . BALB- neu T mice were subcutaneously injected in the right flank with a 0.2 ml suspension containing 1 × 10 6 SALTO-5 cells in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”

Electrolyzed Water and Its Pharmacological Activities: A Mini-Review

“…Overall, these results indicate that EW has a potentially beneficial effect in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Further research is needed to investigate the potential use of EW in breast cancer treatment [104].…”