Anti‐osteoporosis activity of Sanguinarine in preosteoblast MC3T3‐E1 cells and an ovariectomized rat model

Abstract

Sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, has been previously demonstrated to exert antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. A previous study has identified Sanguinarine as a potential drug candidate for osteoporosis treatment by computational bioinformatics analysis. This study further evaluated the effects of Sanguinarine on the differentiation of murine preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and its anti-osteoporosis activity in an ovarietomized rat model. Sanguinarine treatment (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 µm) of MC3T3-E1 cells significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the phoshporalyation of AMP-activated protein kinase α subunit (AMPKα), but did not affect cell proliferation. The induction effects of Sanguinarine treatment (2 µm) on ALP activity, AMPKα phosphorylation, Smad1 phosphorylation, and the expression of three osteoblast differentiation-regulators (bone morphogenetic protein 2 [BMP2], osterix [OSX], and osteoprotegerin [OPG]) were partially reversed by Compound C treatment. More importantly, Sanguinarine treatment promoted bone tissue growth in an ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis rat model as evaluated by histological examination, micro-CT analysis, and serum parameter detection. In conclusion, these results indicate that Sanguinarine induces the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the activation of the AMPK/Smad1 signaling pathway. Sanguinarine can stimulate bone growth in vivo and may be an effective drug for osteoporosis treatment.

Total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae combined with calcium attenuate osteoporosis by reducing reactive oxygen species generation

“…An adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D can prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women and maintain the bone density of the femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae, thus reducing the incidence of fractures (27). The OP rat model is a widely used animal model in the study of OP (28). In the present study, an OP rat model was constructed to evaluate the effects of TFRD combined with calcium on OP.…”

Isoflavone‐enriched soybean leaves attenuate ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis in rats by anti‐inflammatory activity

“…Postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by destruction of the bone microstructure and decrease of bone mineral density, both due to absolute acceleration in the rate of bone resorption 4,5 . As women approach menopause, the functioning of ovarian follicles declines and the ovaries produce less estrogen.…”

“…Postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by destruction of the bone microstructure and decrease of bone mineral density, both due to absolute acceleration in the rate of bone resorption. 4,5 As women approach menopause, the functioning of ovarian follicles declines and the ovaries produce less estrogen. The reduced estrogen levels are believed to be a main cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and this belief has led to the adoption of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as part of the logical strategy for prevention of osteoporosis.…”

GC-MS Analysis of Phytoconstituents in Fractions of Corydalis adiantifolia

“…Protopine; an alkaloid, has been reported for its anticonvulsant activity, 20 microtubule-stabilizing effects, 21 antiinflammatory activity reducing effects, 22 neuroprotective effects, [23][24] anticholinesterase effects, 25 etc. Sanguinarine compounds have been reported for anticancer, [26][27] anti-osteoporosis, [28][29] and norsanguinarine has been reported for antifungal activity. 30 Hydrastine has been reported for the effects on dopamine biosynthesis, 31 PAK4 kinase inhibition 32 etc.…”